THE VOLUME AND STRUCTURE OF TRANSFERS WITH ECONOMIC GOAL – COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS ; OBIM I STRUKTURA TRANSFERA SA EKONOMSKIM CILJEM – KOMPARATIVNA ANALIZA

Transfers in public finance represent a mechanism by which allocates part of the national income, which expresses the active role of the state in modern economic systems. If we consider the goals to be achieved by transfers in public finance, there are the following types of transfers: transfers with economic objectives, transfers with a social purpose and transfers which mean repayment of interest on public debt. Transfers with economic goals include: subsidies, premiums, regresses, compensations and export primes. Subsidies are most prevalent form of transfers with the economic objective, and most funds are transferred through them in agriculture, industry, steel, coal, shipbuilding, transport, fisheries and aquaculture. The aim of this study is to examine how individual countries separate for transfers with economic goals and what is their structure on examples of the following countries: USA, Sweden, France, Germany, Hungary, Slovakia, Slovenia and Serbia. The research results show that the countries are very different, both in terms of volume, and by the structure of funds allocated for these purposes ; Transferi u javnim finansijama predstavlјaju mehanizam putem koga se vrši preraspodela dela nacionalnog dohotka, čime se ispolјava aktivna uloga države u savremenim privrednim sistemima. Ako posmatramo cilјeve koji se žele postići transferima javnih finansija, postoje sledeće vrste transfera: transferi sa ekonomskim cilјem, transferi sa socijalnom namenom i transferi na ime otplate kamate na javni dug. Transferi sa ekonomskim cilјem obuhvataju: subvencije, premije, regrese, kompenzacije i izvozne primove. Subvencije su najprisutniji vid transfera sa ekonomskim cilјem i najviše sredstava se transferiše putem njih u sektor polјoprivrede, industrije čelika, uglјa, brodogradnje, saobraćaja i ribarstva i akvakulture. Cilј rada je da se sagleda koliko pojedine države izdvajaju za transfere sa ekonomskim cilјem i kakva je njihova na primerima sledećih zemalјa: SAD, Švedska, Francuska, Nemačka, Mađarska, Slovačka, ...