Contributors: Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris (IRCP); Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris - Chimie ParisTech-PSL (ENSCP); Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Institut de Chimie - CNRS Chimie (INC-CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC); Laboratoire des Sciences des Procédés et des Matériaux (LSPM); Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Institut Galilée-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); ANR-18-QUAN-0008,MICROSENS,Quantum sensing en régime micro-onde avec des centres colorés du diamant(2018); ANR-19-CE30-0027,SADAHPT,Spins intégrés à une enclume en diamant pour les technologies haute pressions(2019); ANR-19-CE29-0017,Diamond-NMR,Amélioration de la sensibilité RMN avec des centres NV (azote-lacune) de diamants(2019); ANR-10-LABX-0096,SEAM,Science and Engineering for Advanced Materials and devices(2010); ANR-11-IDEX-0005,USPC,Université Sorbonne Paris Cité(2011); European Project: 820394,ASTERIQs
نبذة مختصرة : International audience ; Diamond is a host for a wide variety of colour centres that have demonstrated outstanding optical and spin properties. Among them, the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centre is by far the most investigated owing to its superior characteristics, which promise the development of highly sophisticated quantum devices, in particular for sensing applications. Nevertheless, harnessing the potential of these centres mainly relies on the availability of high quality and purity diamond single crystals that need to be specially designed and engineered for this purpose. The plasma assisted Chemical Vapour Deposition (CVD) has become a key enabling technology in this field of research. Nitrogen can indeed be directly in-situ doped into a high crystalline quality diamond matrix in a controlled way allowing the production of single isolated centres or ensembles that can potentially be integrated into a device. In this paper we will provide an overview on the requirements for synthesizing "quantum-grade" diamond films by CVD. These include the reduction of impurities and surrounding spins that limit coherence times, the control of NV density in a wide range of concentrations as well as their spatial localization within the diamond. Enhancing the charge state and preferential orientation of the colour centres is also discussed. These improvements in material fabrication have contributed to position diamond as one of the most promising solid-state quantum system and the first industrial applications in sensing are just starting to emerge.
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