نبذة مختصرة : Eating disorders (ED) affect a large population and are a serious public health issue. It is thus essential to deepen our knowledge of ED pathophysiology in order to open new therapeutic perspectives. The prevalence of ED according to sex, geographical origin or age of the study population and its increase over the last 15 years has been highlighted in a systematic review. The analysis of patients with ED from the Eating Disorder and Longitudinal Survey (EDILS) cohort underlined stress and / or diet as triggering factors and noted similarities between the comorbidities of the 3 broad categories of ED (Restrictive, bulimic and compulsive). These comorbidities were strongly associated with each other, and contributed in a vicious circle to the perpetuation of ED. The literature suggests during ED a dysregulation of neuropeptide signaling of food intake that may include some immunological mechanisms. Analyzes of plasma samples from the EDILS cohort allowed a better definition of the peptides and immunoglobulins profiles associated with the 3 broad categories of ED and to evaluate their utility for phenotyping patients. The collection of feces in the cohort offers the possibility of refining the specificity of the microbiota according to different type of ED. This thesis allows to better define the clinical characteristics of 3 broad categories of ED and disturbances of the microbiota-intestine-brain axis, particularly the associated biological dysregulations of neuropeptide signaling. ; Les troubles du comportement alimentaire (TCA) touchent une part importante de la population et constitue un réel problème de santé publique, il est indispensable d’approfondir nos connaissances sur la physiopathologie des TCA afin d’identifier des perspectives thérapeutiques. L’écriture d’une revue systématique a permis d’évaluer la prévalence des TCA selon le sexe, l’origine géographique ou l’âge de la population étudiée et confirme son augmentation au cours des 15 dernières années. L’analyse des données épidémiologiques des ...
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