Use of antibiotics in the treatment of patients with blood stream infection ; Consumo de antibiótico no tratamento de pacientes com infecção da corrente sanguínea

Objective: to determine the use of antimicrobials in the treatment of patients with bloodstream infection (BSI) by Staphylococcus aureus resistant and sensitive to oxacillin. Method: this is an epidemiological study of historical cohort. It was conducted at an intensive care unit of a large, private hospital in Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. The study sample was constituted by 62 patients with bloodstream infection by Staphylococcus aureus. Data were collected from medical files and records of the Commission for Hospital Infection Control. A descriptive and univariate analysis was carried out. The research project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee, ETIC No. 658/2011. Results: the most commonly used antibiotics for empiric treatment of the disease were: vancomycin (69.4 %), polymyxin (46.8 %), ertapenem (29.0 %), meropenem (24.2 %); whereas for the targeted treatment were: vancomycin (45.2%) and oxacillin (40.3%). Conclusion: broad-spectrum antimicrobials were largely used in the empirical treatment of BSI. Targeting of treatment after culture findings favored the reduction of the activity spectrum of antibiotics. Descriptors: Drug Resistance; Bacterial Infections; Antibacterial Agents; Therapeutic. RESUMO Objetivo: determinar o consumo de antimicrobianos no tratamento de pacientes com infecção da corrente sanguínea por Staphylococcus aureus resistentes e sensíveis à oxacilina. Método: estudo epidemiológico do tipo coorte histórica, realizado em uma unidade de terapia intensiva de um hospital privado de grande porte de Belo Horizonte/MG/Brasil, com 62 pacientes com infecção da corrente sanguínea por Staphylococcus aureus. Os dados foram coletados dos prontuários e registros da Comissão de Controle de Infecção Hospitalar. Realizou-se análise descritiva e univariada. O estudo teve a aprovação do projeto de pesquisa pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa, ETIC n. 658/2011. Resultados: os antibióticos mais utilizados para o tratamento empírico foram: vancomicina (69,4%), polimixina (46,8%), ertapenem ...