Disminución de lesiones causadas por prótesis de miembro superior con mecanismo de tenaza en niños mexicanos a través de propuesta de prótesis impresa en 3D ; Reduction of injuries caused by upper limb prosthesis with pincer mechanism in Mexican children through a 3D printed prosthesis proposal

Incluye ilustraciones en color. ; Mexico is a country that does not provide rehabilitation for people living with disabilities due to de absence of one or more limbs. This is attributable to the inadequacy of the public health system to meet the growing demand for protheses, the lack of trained personnel and high production costs, among many other factors. Daily in the country, 75 amputations are performed, that is, more than 25,000 people a year are added to having to live with the absence of one or more limbs. Although of this figure, only 16% are traumatic amputations caused by accidents, such events occur mainly in children and adolescents during the handling of hand tools or household appliances. In a country where it is already difficult for an adult to have access to a prosthesis that really works as a rehabilitative element, for children the possibilities are even more reduced. There are very few institutions qualified to manufacture special prosthesis for children, access to de ideal components is reduced and import costs are high, so in most cases, the user ends up receiving miniature versions of prosthetic models with parts originally designed to be manipulated by an adult. This has a negative impact on the physical and mental health of the infant. Through the use of design methodologies, the present work aimed to design an ergonomic, safe and affordable upper limb prosthesis at the transradial level for children from 6 to 11 years old as an alternative to the functional prostheses currently available in Mexican market, which promotes the reduction of accidental self-inflicted injuries. To develop the methodology, de User-Centered Design and Design Thinking philosophies were used, with a qualitative approach in order to understand the phenomenon from de user´s perspective and in relation to their specific context. The tools used were the interview and direct and indirect observation with the aim of identifying not only the physical difficulties they faced with conventional prostheses and the aesthetic ...