Essential nursing practices in the at-risk neonate ; Prácticas esenciales de enfermería en el neonato de riesgo

High-risk newborns are a significant concern because of high morbidity and mortality rates. Neonatal nurses play a critical role in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), providing care that includes oxygen therapy, mechanical ventilation, and infection prevention. However, the effectiveness of these interventions still requires further research. This review followed the Joanna Briggs Institute framework, including identification of research question, selection of relevant studies, data collection and analysis. A comprehensive search was conducted in databases such as Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar, filtering studies published between 2018 and 2024 in English, Spanish, and Portuguese. Of 796 studies found, 15 were relevant. Extracted data included authors, objectives, and methods. The results showed that nursing interventions, such as the use of reflective curtains during phototherapy and the administration of oral dextrose gel, have significant positive effects. In addition, sunlight can complement phototherapy in low-income countries, and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is effective in treating respiratory distress. The review highlighted the importance of nursing interventions in improving neonatal outcomes. However, the lack of comprehensive data and high-quality studies underscores the need for further research to improve neonatal outcomes. ; Los recién nacidos de alto riesgo, son una preocupación significativa por las altas tasas de morbimortalidad. Las enfermeras neonatales juegan un papel fundamental en las unidades de cuidados intensivos neonatales (UCIN), proporcionando cuidados que incluyen oxigenoterapia, ventilación mecánica y prevención de infecciones. Sin embargo, la efectividad de estas intervenciones aún requiere más investigación. Esta revisión siguió el marco del Instituto Joanna Briggs, incluyendo la identificación de pregunta de investigación, selección de estudios relevantes, recopilación y análisis de datos. Se realizó una búsqueda exhaustiva en bases de datos como ...