Patología dual en poblaciones especiales: una revisión narrativa

Background: dual disorders is a term that refers to the co-occurrence of a substance use disorder with other mental disorders. Epidemiological studies have reported a high prevalence of dual disorders in the general population. However, information on dual disorders in special population is limited. Objective: to give an overview of the available evidence on the epidemiology, care and other relevant aspects for public health of dual disorders in the following special populations: homeless, prison inmates, people with sexually-transmitted infections, and the elderly. Method: search in peer-review publication databases (PubMed, Science Direct, EBSCO and OVID) for research reports on the epidemiology and treatment of dual pathology in the aforementioned populations. Results: prevalence of dual disorders in these populations appears to be different than in the general population; and it is highly associated with higher mortality and morbidity rates. The majority of studies aimed specifically on the epidemiology and treatment of dual disorders and special populations has been conducted in high-income countries. Discussion and conclusions: there is a need for public policies that consider the epidemiological assessment of dual disorders in special populations, specially in low-and middle-income countries, and include integrated care interventions adequate to the specific needs of each population. --- Introducción: la patología dual se refiere a la concurrencia de un trastorno por consumo de sustancias con otro trastorno psiquiátrico. Estudios epidemiológicos en población general reportan una alta prevalencia de patología dual. Sin embargo, la información disponible sobre el tema en poblaciones especiales es limitada. Objetivo: revisar la evidencia disponible sobre la epidemiología, la atención y los aspectos relevantes para la salud pública acerca de la patología dual en las siguientes poblaciones especiales: personas en situación de indigencia, en prisión, con VIH, VHB y VHC, mujeres y adultos mayores. Método: ...