نبذة مختصرة : International audience ; Introduction: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection has been reported to be associated with neurological disor-ders. However, the real prevalence of acute hepatitis E in those diseases is still unknown. We determinedthe prevalence of anti-HEV IgM antibody in a population with acute non-traumatic, non-metabolic,non-vascular neurological injury.Method: A registry was created in Grenoble Hospital University from 2014 to 2018 to collect data onpatients with acute (<3 months) non-traumatic, non-metabolic, non-vascular neurological injuries. Acutehepatitis E was defined as anti-HEV IgM-positive serum in immunocompetent patient, and as anti-HEVIgM-positive serum or HEV RNA-positive serum in immunocompromised patients.Results: One hundred fifty-nine patients were included. Anti-HEV IgM seroprevalence in our cohort ofnon-traumatic, non-metabolic, non-vascular neurological injuries was 6.9% (eleven patients, including 4Parsonage-Turner syndrome (PTS) and 2 Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS)). Elevated transaminases wereobserved in only 64% of hepatitis E patients and cholestasis in 64%.Conclusion: In this study, 6·9% of patients with acute non-traumatic, non-metabolic, non-vascular neu-rological injuries had a probable recent HEV infection. HEV serology should be systematically performedin this population, even in patients with normal transaminase level.© 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University forHealth Sciences. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
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