Management of Aggressive Patients During Emergency Medical Services

Fizični in verbalni napadi na zdravstvene delavce, so bolj pogosti, kot se morda zavedamo. Povzročitelji nasilja se za svoja dejanja opravičujejo z olajševalnimi okoliščinami kot so alkohol, droga, poškodbe glave ipd., a vendar nasilna dejanja niso opravičljiva niti družbeno sprejemljiva. Pacient, ki je nasilen, ni nevaren samo ekipi nujne medicinske pomoči (NMP), marveč tudi okolici in samemu sebi. Zato v večini primerov aktiviramo dodatno pomoč drugih služb (policija in tudi gasilci), ki zavarujejo kraj dogodka in onesposobijo nasilnega pacienta z raznimi ukrepi. V prvem delu diplomskega dela smo se osredotočili na agresivnost, vrste agresivnosti, agresivnost v zdravstvu, o nasilju, o pristopih k agresivnemu pacientu, pomoči drugih intervencijskih služb, o priporočilih za obravnavo agresivnega pacienta. Drugi del naloge pa predstavlja raziskava, ki smo jo izvedli na osnovi anketnih vprašalnikov, katere smo razdelili med zaposlene v raznih enotah nujne medicinske pomoči republike Slovenije. Rezultati raziskave pa ovržejo postavljeno raziskovalno vprašanje če imamo v republiki Sloveniji urejen sistem nudenja pomoči agresivnemu pacientu in enotne smernice za oskrbo agresivnega pacienta. In potrdijo vprašanje v kolikšni meri so zdravstveni delavci v NMP izpostavljeni obravnavi agresivnih pacientov. Physical and verbal attacks on health care workers are more common than you may realize. Perpetrators of violence justify their actions by extenuating circumstances such as alcohol, drugs, head injuries, etc., but violent acts are neither justifiable nor socially acceptable. A patient, who is violent, is not only dangerous to the team of emergency medical aid, but also to the surrounding area and to himself. Therefore, in most cases, we activate additional help of other services (such as police and fire-fighters), who secure the scene and incapacitate violent patients with various measures. In the first part of the thesis, we focused on aggression, types of aggression, aggression in health, violence, approaches to an aggressive patient, assistance of other emergency services and the recommendations for dealing with aggressive patients. The second part is a survey conducted on the basis of questionnaires, which were distributed among the employees in various units of emergency medical service of the Republic of Slovenia. The survey results invalidate the question raised in the research whether there is a regulated system in Slovenia which would provide assistance to aggressive patients and uniform guidelines for treatment of aggressive patients. The findings confirm the question regarding the extent to which health care workers are exposed to a treatment of aggressive patients.