نبذة مختصرة : In the present study, the effect of hyaluronidase has been examined on the intensity of inflammations caused by various inflammatory agents, especially such as vaccinia viruses and pyogenic bacteria. It is already a well known fact that hyaluronidase has an enlarging action on the sites of bacterial inflammations, thus suppressing apparently the intensity of inflammation, while, on the contrary, it has an enhancing effect on viral inflammations. The results of the study showed one that this difference between bacterial and viral inflammations under the influence of hyaluronidase is possibly due to the difference of modes of infection between viruses and bacteria, and that hyaluronidase markedly increases the difference. To state the matter with more detail, hyaluronic acid contained in the stroma of the connective tissue is hydrolyzed by the enzymatic action of hyaluronidase, thus increasing the tissue permeability. This would cause the pathogenes in situ to be spread widely into the tissue. As, in the case of viral infection, viruses can be considered rapidly to reach the affined cells, then invasion into the cells and intracellular multiplication would probably be promoted, while in the case of bacterial infection, widely spread bacteria would easily be affected by phagocytes and antibodies. Thus, hyaluronidase seems to be more favourable to the existence of viruses in the tissue than to that of bacteria. As shown by this study with hyaluronidase, the stroma of the connective tissue plays an important role in various inflammations. Therefore, for the study of inflammation, not only cellular reactions and phagocytosis, but also the conditions of the connective tissue, especially of the stroma should be taken into consideration.
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