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Globally Consistent Quantitative Observations of Planktonic Ecosystems

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  • معلومة اضافية
    • Contributors:
      Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV); Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV); Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); University of Maine; Climate Sciences Department [Bremerhaven]; Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI); Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics [ETH Zürich] (IBP); Department of Environmental Systems Science [ETH Zürich] (D-USYS); Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich)- Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich); Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM); Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI); IEEE; Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO - UC San Diego); University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego); University of California (UC)-University of California (UC); Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia; Department of Biological Oceanography; Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP); Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research [Kiel] (GEOMAR); Centre de recherches insulaires et observatoire de l'environnement (CRIOBE); École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE); Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Department of Oceanography [Halifax] (DO); Dalhousie University [Halifax]; Department of Oceanography; University of Hawai‘i [Mānoa] (UHM); Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO); Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); SAPHOS, Nanaimo, BC, Canada; Laboratoire d’Océanologie et de Géosciences (LOG) - UMR 8187 (LOG); Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Nord]); International Oceanographic Data and Information Exchange (IODE) of the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO, Oostende; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC); Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO); University of California-University of California; University of São Paulo (USP); École pratique des hautes études (EPHE); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)
    • بيانات النشر:
      eScholarship, University of California, 2019.
    • الموضوع:
      2019
    • نبذة مختصرة :
      In this paper we review the technologies available to make globally quantitative observations of particles in general—and plankton in particular—in the world oceans, and for sizes varying from sub-microns to centimeters. Some of these technologies have been available for years while others have only recently emerged. Use of these technologies is critical to improve understanding of the processes that control abundances, distributions and composition of plankton, provide data necessary to constrain and improve ecosystem and biogeochemical models, and forecast changes in marine ecosystems in light of climate change. In this paper we begin by providing the motivation for plankton observations, quantification and diversity qualification on a global scale. We then expand on the state-of-the-art, detailing a variety of relevant and (mostly) mature technologies and measurements, including bulk measurements of plankton, pigment composition, uses of genomic, optical and acoustical methods as well as analysis using particle counters, flow cytometers and quantitative imaging devices. We follow by highlighting the requirements necessary for a plankton observing system, the approach to achieve it and associated challenges. We conclude with ranked action-item recommendations for the next 10 years to move toward our vision of a holistic ocean-wide plankton observing system. Particularly, we suggest to begin with a demonstration project on a GO-SHIP line and/or a long-term observation site and expand from there, ensuring that issues associated with methods, observation tools, data analysis, quality assessment and curation are addressed early in the implementation. Global coordination is key for the success of this vision and will bring new insights on processes associated with nutrient regeneration, ocean production, fisheries and carbon sequestration. ISSN:2296-7745
    • File Description:
      application/pdf; text; application/application/pdf
    • ISSN:
      2296-7745
    • Rights:
      OPEN
    • الرقم المعرف:
      edsair.doi.dedup.....fd0299ae675d1a44e696c1d56049ee25