Contributors: Red Española de Investigación en SIDA; Instituto de Salud Carlos III; European Commission; Programa Iberoamericano de Ciencia y Tecnología para el Desarrollo; National Institutes of Health (US); Wellcome Trust; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; [Jiménez de Ory S] Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IisGM), Madrid, Spain. CoRISpe, Madrid, Spain. [Ramos JT] Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain. Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain. [Fortuny C] Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues del Llobregat, Spain. Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. [González-Tomé MI] Servicio de Infecciosas Pediátricas, Hospital Universitario Doce de Octubre, Madrid, Spain. Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain. Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain. [Mellado MJ] Pediatrics, Immunodeficiencies and Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain. Translational Research Network in Pediatric Infectious Diseases (RITIP), Madrid, Spain. [Moreno D] Department of Pediatrics, Regional Maternal-Child University Hospital, Malaga, Spain. IBIMA Multidisciplinary Group for Pediatric Research, Malaga, Spain, Malaga University, Malaga, Spain. [Frick MA] Unitat de Medicina tropical i Salut internacional, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain. Servei de Pediatria, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain. PROSICS Barcelona, Spain. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus
نبذة مختصرة : [Background] There are not enough nationwide studies on perinatal HIV transmission in connection with a combination of antiretroviral treatments in Spain. Our objectives were to study sociodemographic changes and trends in the rates of HIV diagnoses and perinatal transmission in Spain from 1997 to 2015.
[Methods] A retrospective study using data from Spanish Paediatric HIV Network (CoRISpe) and Spanish Minimum Basic Data Set (MDBS) was performed. HIV- diagnosed children between 1997 and 2015 were selected. Sociodemographic, clinical and immunovirological data of HIV-infected children and their mothers were studied in four calendar periods (P1: 1997–2000; P2: 2001–2005; P3: 2006–2010; P4: 2011–2015). Rates of perinatal HIV diagnoses and transmission from 1997 to 2015 were calculated.
[Results] A total of 532 HIV-infected children were included in this study. Of these children, 406 were Spanish (76.3%) and 126 immigrants (23.7%). A decrease in the number of HIV diagnoses, 203 (38.2%) children in the first (P1), 149 (28%) in the second (P2), 130 (24.4%) in the third (P3) and 50 (9.4%) in the fourth (P4) calendar periods was studied. The same decrease in the Spanish HIV-infected children (P1, 174 (46.6%), P2, 115 (30.8%), P3, 65 (17.4%) and P4, 19 (5.1%)) was monitored. However, an increase in the number of HIV diagnoses by sexual contact (P1: 0%; P2: 1.3%; P3: 4.6%; P4: 16%) was observed. The rates of new perinatal HIV diagnoses and perinatal transmission in Spanish children decreased from 0.167 to 0.005 per 100,000 inhabitants and 11.4% to 0.4% between 1997 and 2015, respectively.
[Conclusions] A decline of perinatal HIV diagnoses and transmission was observed. However, an increase of teen-agers HIV diagnoses with sexual infection was studied. Public awareness campaigns directed to teen-agers are advisable to prevent HIV infection by sexual contact.
This work has been partially funded by Red Temática de Investigación en SIDA (RED RIS) supported by Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) (RD12/0017/0035, RD12/0017/0037 and RD16/0025/0019), project as part of the Plan R+D+I (2008–2011; 2013–2016) and cofinanced by ISCIII- Subdirección General de Evaluación and Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER), RIS-EPICLIN-19/2015, Fondo para la Investigación Sanitaria of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (FIS PI13/00422, PI16/01863), CYTED (214RT0482) and EPIICAL Project. CIBER-BBN is an initiative funded by the VI National R&D&I Plan 2008–2011, Iniciativa Ingenio 2010, the Consolider Program, and CIBER Actions and financed by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III with assistance from the European Regional Development Fund. COST CA17140 Cancer Nanomedicine-Front The Bench to Bebside. We thank the Spanish HIV HGM BioBank supported by ISC III project RETIC PT13/0010/0028 and PT17/0015/0042. No funding for this work was received from National Institutes of Health (NIH), Wellcome Trust and Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI).
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