Contributors: [Plaza-Diaz,J; Gil,A] Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain. [Plaza-Diaz,J] Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria IBS.GRANADA, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, Granada, Spain. [Plaza-Diaz,J] Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Flores-Rojas,K; Torre-Aguilar,MJ; Gomez-Fernández,AR; Perez-Navero,JL; Gil-Campos,M] Pediatric Research and Metabolism Unit, Maimónides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain. [Flores-Rojas,K; Gil,A; Gil-Campos,M] CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain. [Martín-Borreguero,P] Department of Child and Adolescent Clinical Psychiatry and Psychology, Maimónides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain. [Perez-Navero,JL] Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain. [Gil,A] Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology 'José Mataix', University of Granada, Granada, Spain.; This study was supported by the FUNDACIÓ AGRUPACIÓ Àmbit de la Infància, 404 Research Grant INVEST from the Spanish Society of Pediatrics and Red de Salud Materno Infantil (RED SAMID). Á.G. was co-financed by the Research Plan of the Vice-Rectorate of Research and Transfer of the University of Granada, Spain. The funding bodies did not have any role in the design, collection, analyses, or interpretation of data or in writing the manuscript.
نبذة مختصرة : Eating behavior problems are characteristic of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) with a highly restricted range of food choices, which may pose an associated risk of nutritional problems. Hence, detailed knowledge of the dietary patterns (DPs) and nutrient intakes of ASD patients is necessary to carry out intervention strategies if required. The present study aimed to determine the DPs and macro-and micronutrient intakes in a sample of Spanish preschool children with ASD compared to typically developing control children. Fifty-four children with ASD (two to six years of age) diagnosed with ASD according to the Diagnostic Manual-5 criteria), and a control group of 57 typically developing children of similar ages were recruited. A validated food frequency questionnaire was used, and the intake of energy and nutrients was estimated through three nonconsecutive 24-h dietary registrations. DPs were assessed using principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering analysis. Children with ASD exhibited a DP characterized by high energy and fat intakes and a low intake of vegetables and fruits. Likewise, meat intake of any type, both lean and fatty, was associated with higher consumption of fish and dietary fat. Furthermore, the increased consumption of dairy products was associated with increased consumption of cereals and pasta. In addition, they had frequent consumption of manufactured products with poor nutritional quality, e.g., beverages, sweets, snacks and bakery products. The percentages of children with ASD complying with the adequacy of nutrient intakes were higher for energy, saturated fat, calcium, and vitamin C, and lower for iron, iodine, and vitamins of group B when compared with control children. In conclusion, this study emphasizes the need to assess the DPs and nutrient intakes of children with ASD to correct their alterations and discard some potential nutritional diseases.
FUNDACIÓ AGRUPACIÓ Àmbit de la Infància, 404 Research Grant INVEST from the Spanish Society of Pediatrics and Red de Salud Materno Infantil (RED SAMID)
Research Plan of the Vice-Rectorate of Research and Transfer of the University of Granada, Spain
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