Chronic kidney disease and its health-related factors: a case-control study

Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a non-communicable disease that includes a range of different physiological disorders that are associated with abnormal renal function and progressive decline in glomerular filtration rate (GFR). This study aimed to investigate the associations of several behavioral and health-related factors with CKD in Iranian patients. Methods A hospital-based case-control study was conducted on 700 participants (350 cases and 350 controls). Logistic regression was applied to measure the association between the selected factors and CKD. Results The mean age of cases and controls were 59.6 ± 12.4 and 58.9 ± 12.2 respectively (p = 0.827). The results of multiple logistic regression suggested that many factors including low birth weight (OR yes/no = 4.07, 95%CI: 1.76–9.37, P = 0.001), history of diabetes (OR yes/no = 3.57, 95%CI: 2.36–5.40, P = 0.001), history of kidney diseases (OR yes/no = 3.35, 95%CI: 2.21–5.00, P = 0.001) and history of chemotherapy (OR yes/no = 2.18, 95%CI: 1.12–4.23, P = 0.02) are associated with the risk of CKD. Conclusions The present study covered a large number of potential risk/ preventive factors altogether. The results highlighted the importance of collaborative monitoring of kidney function among patients with the above conditions.