Dugogodišnji učinak Fertdolomita na status tla, kukuruza i pšenice na kiselom tlu istočne Hrvatske

Soil acidity is one of the most common problems in cultivating plants in the open field. Dolomite enriched with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (trade name Fertdolomite: 24% CaO + 16% MgO + 3% N + 2.5% P2O5 + 3% K2O) was applied in autumn of 2011 in four rates (0 t*ha-1, 3.56 t*ha-1, 7.14 t*ha-1 and 14.25 t*ha-1). Aim of this experiment was testing 5-year residual impact of Fertdolomit on acid soil on maize and winter wheat grain yield and quality, as well as on changes of soil properties. Five year after application, Fertdolomit has shown positive long-term effect on soil pH and hydrolytic acidity. Under Fertdolomit treatments, in 2012/2013 wheat yield was significantly increased by 22%, in 2014/2015 by 25% and in 2016/2017 by 32% in comparison with control treatment. Application of highest Fertdolomite rate significantly increased wheat grain quality (protein and wet gluten content) while impact on thousand grain weight, hectoliter mass and starch content were insignificant during all growing season. Response of maize to Fertdolomite application was considerably lower compared to wheat. Maize yield increased only for 11% in both tested years (2014 and 2016), without any significant difference for grain quality.
Kiselost tla je jedan od najčešćih problema u uzgoju kultiviranog bilja na otvorenom. Dolomit obogaćen s dušikom, fosforom i kalijem (trgovački naziv Fertdolomit: 24% CaO + 16% MgO + 3% N + 2,5% P2O5 + 3% K2O) je primjenjen u jesen 2011 u četiri tretmana (0 t*ha-1, 3,56 t*ha-1, 7,14 t*ha-1 i 14,25 t*ha-1) na kiselom tlu istočne Hrvatske. Cilj istraživanja je bio utvrditi naknadni petogodišnji utjecaj Fertdolomita na status ozime pšenice i kukuruza kao i neka svojstva tla. Pet godina nakon primjene Fertdolomit je ostvario pozitivan učinak na pH tla i hidrolitičku kiselost. U vegetaciji 2012/2013 prinos pšenice je značajno povećan za 22%, u 2014/2015 za 25% i u 2016/2017 za čak 32% na tretmanima Fertdolomita u usporedbi s kontrolnim tretmanom. Nadalje, primjena Fertdolomita je značajno povećala i kvalitetu zrna pšenice (sadržaj proteina i vlažnog gluten) dok utjecaj na masu tisuću zrna, hektolitarsku masu i sadržaj škroba nije bio statistički opravdan niti u jednoj vegetacijskoj sezoni. Reakcija kukuruza na Fertdolomit je bila značajno manja u usporedbi s pšenicom. Prinos kukuruza u obje godine istraživanja (2014 i 2016) je povećan za 11% dok kvaliteta zrna nije bila pod značajnim utjecajem Fertdolomita.