نبذة مختصرة : BACKGROUND: Patients undergoing bronchoscopy, particularly those with pre-existing hypoxemia, face a significant risk of further deterioration in their oxygen saturation levels. This heightened risk necessitates the provision of supplemental oxygen therapy throughout the procedure, rendering it mandatory. High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) has been widely employed in the management of hypoxemic acute respiratory failure (ARF) in adults. Based on this, HFNC has been used in endoscopic procedures, but there are still few studies on HFNC in fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB) patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the comparative efficacy of HFNC with nasal cannula oxygen in maintaining adequate oxygen saturation during fiberoptic bronchoscopy in patients with pre-existing hypoxemia. METHODS: We retrospectively investigated 232 patients with hypoxemia who underwent bronchoscopy between January 2018 to August 2023 who received either HFNC or nasal cannula oxygen supplementation. The control group received nasal cannula oxygen, and the observation group received HFNC. The changes of oxygen saturation, heart rate, blood pressure and adverse events during the operation were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: The patients were divided into the HFNC (n = 78) and nasal cannula oxygen (n = 154) groups. During FOB, although the lowest oxygen saturation (SpO(2)) was similar in both groups (intraoperative minimum SpO(2) was defined as the lowest value of SpO(2) occurring between the start of anesthesia and the end of the operation), the occurrence of the lowest SpO(2)
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