Boreal Swamp Forests

wamp forests in the boreal part of Sweden are dominated by Norway spruce (Picea abies). These forests typically grow on peat deposits with a water table that is often situated well below the ground surface (Figure 1). At present, only a few small stands of old-growth swamp forests are still found in remote areas because of extensive logging over the past two centuries. The primeval appearance of these forests, the wet conditions, the lack of charred stumps, and the absence of fire scars on trees have led to the