ABOUT SOME LEGAL PROBLEMS OF ENSURING THE ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY OF CERTAIN CRITICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND FOREIGN COUNTRIES (ON THE EXAMPLE OF NANOTECHNOLOGIES AND THEIR PRODUCTS)

The article discusses the features of the legal support of environmental safety of certain critical technologies in the Russian Federation. The dynamics of the formation and development of the current legislation in the field of key concepts in the considered sphere of public relations - "priority directions for the development of science and technology" and "critical technologies" is analyzed, their terminological essence, strategic significance and quantity are studied, the reasons for adjusting their list, taking into account the achievements of scientific - technical progress over the past two decades. Features of ensuring environmental safety in the application of critical technologies are revealed on the example of the production and application of nanotechnologies and their products. The advantages of the results of activities for the creation of intellectual and industrial competitive products related to the field of nanotechnology, which is used in almost all spheres of human life - the creation of food products and consumer goods, pharmaceuticals, transport, communications, IT technologies, agriculture, etc. are analyzed. The issues of international and foreign legislation in the field of ensuring environmental safety in the production and application of nanotechnologies and their products are considered. Risks are identified that are expressed in possible biological effects when nanomaterials and their products enter the environment and entail negative consequences for human health. An analysis is made of the current Russian legislation in the field of ensuring environmental safety in the production and application of nanotechnologies and their products. The main problems are singled out and ways of improving the current legislation in the considered sphere of public relations are proposed.