Quelles pratiques sémiotiques pour quelles médiations ? / What semiotic practices for what mediations?

RE SUME : En janvier 1963, Paul Ricœur se montrait fort interesse par le structuralisme auquel il avait deja consacre d’importantes lectures (Rome, Entretiens Castelli). En juin 1963, lors d’un debat passionne avec C. Levi-Strauss, dans les locaux de la Revue Esprit, Ricœur concut un violent rejet de la pensee structurale et ce ressentiment perdura chez lui jusqu’a son dernier ouvrage consacre a l’Histoire, en 2000. Initialement (jusqu’en 1979), cet anatheme visait egalement A. J. Greimas et sa semiotique. Puis, a la suite d’une serie de rencontres universitaires et de debats publics avec Greimas, Ricœur en vint a un total changement de point de vue sur les travaux de Greimas, au point de lui enjoindre, lors de leur dernier debat public (en 1989) de ne pas prendre pretexte de ses recherches concernant la semiotique des passions pour s’ecarter de sa premiere semiotique (celle qui de Semantique structurale au Dictionnaire est desormais connue comme la « semiotique standard »). Apres quoi, Ricœur formula explicitement l’idee que la semiotique standard avait elabore une rationalite nouvelle, dont la force explicative etait de nature authentiquement « theorique » et donc scientifique. Ce qui le conduisit a admettre que l’explication semiotique pouvait s’averer necessaire, meme dans le champ de l’Hermeneutique, afin d’atteindre a un niveau de comprehension plus exact. RESUMO : Em janeiro de 1963, Paul Ricœur se mostrava muito interessado no estruturalismo ao qual ja tinha consagrado importantes leituras (Rome, Entretiens Castelli). Em junho de 1963, por ocasiao de um debate acalorado com C. Levi-Strauss, nas dependencias da Revista Esprit, Ricœur desenvolveu uma rejeicao violenta ao pensamento estrutural, e esse seu ressentimento perdurara ate sua ultima obra, consagrada a Historia, em 2002. Inicialmente (ate 1979), esse anatema visava igualmente a A. J. Greimas e a sua semiotica. Depois, na sequencia de uma serie de encontros universitarios e de debates publicos com Greimas, Ricœur chegou a uma completa mudanca de ponto de vista sobre os trabalhos de Greimas, a ponto de intima-lo, por ocasiao do ultimo debate publico entre eles (em 1989), a nao usar o pretexto de suas pesquisas relativas a semiotica das paixoes para se distanciar da sua primeira semiotica (aquela que da Semantique structurale ao Dictionnaire passa a ser conhecida como " semiotica standard " ). Depois disso, Ricœur formulou explicitamente a ideia de que a semiotica standard havia elaborado uma racionalidade nova, cuja forca explicativa era de natureza autenticamente " teorica " e, portanto, cientifica, o que o conduziu a admitir que a explicacao semiotica podia se revelar necessaria mesmo no campo da Hermeneutica, a fim de atingir um nivel de compreensao mais exato. ABSTRACT : In January 1963, Paul Ricœur was very interested in structuralism to which he had already devoted important readings (Rome, Entretiens Castelli). In June 1963, during a heated debate with C. Levi-Strauss, under the Esprit Journal, Ricœur developed a violent rejection of structural thought, and his resentment will endure until his last work, devoted to History, in 2002. Initially (up to 1979), this anathema was also aimed at A. J. Greimas and his semiotics. Then, following a series of university meetings and public debates with Greimas, Ricœur came to a complete change of view of Greimas's works, to the point of intimacy, at the last public debate between them (In 1989), not to use the pretext of his research on the semiotics of the passions to distance himself from his first semiotics (that which from the Semantique structurale to the Dictionnaire comes to be known as "standard semiotics"). After this, Ricœur explicitly formulated the idea that standard semiotics had elaborated a new rationality, the explanatory power of which was authentically "theoretical" and therefore scientific, which led him to admit that the semiotic explanation could be revealed necessary even in the field of Hermeneutics, in order to reach a more exact level of understanding.