Investigation of numerical and optimization method in the new concept of solar panel cooling under the variable condition using nanofluid

Due to the warming of the earth and the increased cost of fossil fuel extraction, solar energy is a good alternative to power generation. Increasing the efficiency of solar systems such as photovoltaic panels has always been a matter of day in the field of industry and energy. In this research, using the genetic algorithm, we tried to optimize the hybrid cooling system. Then, considering the best model, we study the effect of the nanofluid in different volume fractions. The results show that the optimization model can increase about 13% more heat transfer. Also, the results showed that the use of nanosilver dioxide increases the heat transfer to the fluid. In this study, the thermal conductivity parameter for nanofluid is also considered as variable with temperature for a more precise examination of nanofluid properties.