Predictors of elevated intraocular pressure after intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor: a prospective observational study

Purpose: To investigate the patterns and predictors of intraocular pressure (IOP) changes after intravitreal injection (IVI) of anti-vascular endothelial growth factors (anti-VEGFs).Methods: This study enrolled 32 men and 16 women (mean age, 65.3±12.3 years) who underwent IVI of anti-VEGFs between January and March 2020 in our department. IOPs were measured using Goldmann applanation tonometry. Potential predictors included age, sex, lens status, axial length, history of glaucoma, number of previous IVIs, diagnosis, and post-injection vitreous reflux.Results: The respective mean IOP was 16.2 mmHg, 32.7 mmHg, 21.7 mmHg, and 18.3 mmHg at baseline and at 5, 15, and 30 minutes after IVI. IOP elevation of ≥15 mmHg was observed in 48% of eyes at 5 minutes after IVI; all spikes resolved and the IOP reduced to