Multiple Perspectives in Umberto Ecco's Novel the Name of the Rose

Ovaj rad predstavlja analizu romana Ime ruže autora Umberta Eca po razinama shvaćanja, točnije shvaćajući ga kao kriminalistički, povijesni te kao alegorijski roman, s dodatkom promatranja romana kao romana teze. Ime ruže predstavlja kanonsko djelo postmodernističke književnosti, a zbog svoje je stratificirane strukture pogodan i namijenjen višerazinskome uživanju i vodi put do svakoga od čitatelja. Analiza je potaknuta mogućnošću koju roman nudi čitatelju, a sastoji se u prepoznavanju i cijenjenju precizne povijesne rekonstrukcije, teološke rasprave, naratološke stručnosti, radnje s nizom aluzija i referenci na druga srednjovjekovna i moderna književna djela te brojne značenjske ključeve recepcije djela, čak i od strane manje upućene publike koja užitak pronalazi u kriminalističkome zapletu romana. Analiza se temelji na proučavanju romana kao kriminalističkoga, povijesnoga i alegorijskoga te je svaka od razina razrađena, s dodanim osvrtima na intertekstualnost, prikaz zbilje kao fikcije, a fikcije kao zbilje, uključivanje motiva smijeha u tkivo romana te promatranje romana kao romana teze. Takva stratificirana struktura djela čini ga pogodnim za višestruku analizu, ističe poziciju i značaj čitatelja u odnosu autor-tekst-čitatelj, ali i ističe kvalitetu narativnoga eksperimenta Umberta Eca.
This paper presents an analysis of the novel The Name of the Rose written by Umberto Eco based on different levels of understanding and observing of the novel, such as a crime novel, historical novel and an allegorical novel, with the addition of observing it as a novel of thesis. The Name of the Rose is a canonical work of postmodernist literature, and because of its stratified structure it is suitable and intended for multilevel enjoyment and can provide something of value to each reader. The analysis is prompted by the possibility of the readers' recognition and appreciation of precise historical reconstruction, medieval theological discussion, narratological expertise, storyline with a series of references and allusions to other medieval and modern literary works, and numerous semantic keys, even by the reader who finds pleasure in the criminal plot of the novel. The analysis is based on observing the novel as a crime, historical and allegorical novel, and each level is elaborated, with added reviews of intertextuality, depicting reality as fiction, and fiction as reality, including the motive of laughter in the body of the novel and observing it as a thesis novel. Such stratified structure of the work makes it suitable for multiple analysis, emphasizes the position and importance of the reader in the author-text-reader relationship, but also emphasizes the quality of Umberto Eco's narrative experiment.