Nanotechnology and mathematics.

Nanotechnology is a relatively new field of scientific study, the conceptual origins of which are typically credited to a presentation by physicist Richard Feynman in the late 1950s. A nanometer is one-billionth of a meter, and nanoscience focuses on matter with dimensions between 1 and 100 nanometers. For comparison, an ordinary sheet of paper is about 100,000 nanometers thick, a human hair is between 60 and 120 nanometers thick, and the diameter of one atom of gold is about 1/3 of a nanometer. Thus, nanotechnology is concerned with studying materials at a very small scale, ranging from roughly larger than a single atom at the lower end to objects that can be seen with a high-quality optical microscope at the upper end.