Urinary Tract Infections - An overview on the Prevalence and the Anti-biogram of Gram Negative Uropathogens in A Tertiary Care Centre in North Kerala,India.

KERALA (India); INDIA

Despite the advances in the antimicrobial therapy, Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) tends to remain a major health hazard, which are responsible for significant morbidity, often resulting in alarming complications. A variety of organisms have been implicated in its aetiology. The indiscriminate and the inappropriate usage of anti-microbial agents has led to the emergence of resistant strains. Aim: To determine the prevalence and the antimicrobial sensitivity pattern of uropathogens. Methods and Materials: The urine samples from the patients at a medical college hospital , were processed according to the standard protocol over a period of one year from April 2011 to March 2012. The antimicrobial susceptibility was tested by the modified Kirby-Bauer's disc diffusion method as per the CLSI guidelines. The data was interpreted by using the WHO Net Antibiotic Susceptibility Surveillance Software. Results: Out of 2540 urine samples, 511(20.12%) were found to be positive for microbial isolates, of which 343 samples (67.12%) were from females and 168 samples (32.36%) were from males. The highest rate of the isolation was detected in the geriatric age group i.e., 61-80 years (39.53 %). The most isolated organism was Escherichia coli (81.80%). The isolation rates were highest in the surgical departments (38.34%). Piperacillin/tazobactam, cefoperazone/sulbactam, imipenem and amikacin were found to be the most effective drugs among a majority of the isolates. Conclusion: Before prescribing the antimicrobial therapy, a thorough knowledge of the susceptibility patterns of the uropathogens is essential to avoid incongruous and irrational antibacterial usage and to restrain the further development of drug resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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