نبذة مختصرة : This review article reports on the newly emerged swine influenza pandemic: a global environemental, medical and public health challenge-should the Nigeria be alarmed? It also examines the features of H1N1, including incidence, infection, immunity, clinical management, prevention and control, and therapy globally. Swine influenza has emerged as one of the primary public health concern of the 21st century. Swine influenza is common in pigs in the midwestern United States (and occasionally in other states), Mexico, Canada, South America, Europe (including the United Kingdom, Sweden, and Italy), Kenya, Mainland China, Taiwan, Japan and other parts of eastern Asia. Influenza strain H1N1 is capable of incidentally infecting humans. Transmission from pigs to humans is not common and does not always cause human influenza, often only resulting in the production of antibodies in the blood. The meat of the animal poses no risk of transmitting the virus when properly cooked. If transmission does cause human influenza, it is called zoonotic swine flu. People who work with pigs, especially people with intense exposures, are at increased risk of catching swine flu. Since their first zoonotic emergence in 1918 and their reemergence in 1988, highly pathogenic swine influenza A (H1N1) viruses have been transmitted from swine to humans by direct or indirect contact with infected pigs in several countries. However, the emergence of this 2009 flu outbreak in humans, known as "swine flu", is due to a new strain of influenza A virus subtype H1N1 not previously reported in pigs but contains genes closely related to swine influenza. The origin of this newly emerged strain is unknown. Although, no case of this new strain of swine flu has been reported in Nigeria so far, people have been concerned whether a new pandemic will occur in the future. The eradication of pathogenic swine influenza viruses appears to be the most effective way to prevent an influenza pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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