DNA repair and the contribution to chemotherapy resistance.

Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101475844 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1756-994X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 1756994X NLM ISO Abbreviation: Genome Med Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: [London] : BioMed Central

DNA Repair* ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm*/genetics ; Neoplasms*/drug therapy ; Neoplasms*/genetics ; Antineoplastic Agents*/pharmacology ; Antineoplastic Agents*/therapeutic use; Humans ; DNA Damage ; Animals ; DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded/drug effects

Competing Interests: Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Not applicable. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: K.N. reports research support (paid to institution) from AstraZeneca Pty Ltd and Boehringer Ingelheim outside the submitted work, and non-financial support from Clovis Oncology and Sierra Oncology. E.S. is on the Scientific Advisory Board for Ideaya Biosciences.
The DNA damage response comprises a set of imperfect pathways that maintain cell survival following exposure to DNA damaging agents. Cancers frequently exhibit DNA repair pathway alterations that contribute to their intrinsic genome instability. This, in part, facilitates a therapeutic window for many chemotherapeutic agents whose mechanisms of action often converge at the generation of a double-strand DNA break. The development of therapy resistance occurs through countless molecular mechanisms that promote tolerance to DNA damage, often by preventing break formation or increasing repair capacity. This review broadly discusses the DNA damaging mechanisms of action for different classes of chemotherapeutics, how avoidance and repair of double-strand breaks can promote resistance, and strategic directions for counteracting therapy resistance.
(© 2025. The Author(s).)

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R01 CA251817 United States CA NCI NIH HHS; ECIG-2025-3-1966 Ovarian Cancer Research Alliance; K22 CA276631 United States CA NCI NIH HHS; 1K22CA276631-01 NIH NCI; R01CA251817 NIH NCI

Keywords: Chemotherapy resistance; DNA damage response; DNA repair

0 (Antineoplastic Agents)

Date Created: 20250526 Date Completed: 20250527 Latest Revision: 20250531

20250531

PMC12107761

10.1186/s13073-025-01488-8

40420317