Comparison Between Nano-Hydroxyapatite/Beta-Tricalcium Phosphate Composite and Autogenous Bone Graft in Bone Regeneration Applications: Biochemical Mechanisms and Morphological Analysis.

Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101092791 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1422-0067 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14220067 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Mol Sci Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI, [2000-

Bone Regeneration* ; Rats, Wistar* ; Bone Transplantation*/methods; Animals ; Rats ; Male ; Durapatite/chemistry ; Calcium Phosphates/chemistry ; Calcium Phosphates/pharmacology ; Osteogenesis ; Bone Substitutes/chemistry ; Bone Substitutes/pharmacology ; Hydroxyapatites

It was assumed that only autogenous bone had appropriate osteoconductive and osteoindutive properties for bone regeneration, but this assumption has been challenged. Many studies have shown that synthetic biomaterials must be considered as the best choice for guided bone regeneration. The objective of this work is to compare the performances of nanohydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate (n-HA/β-TCP) composite and autogenous bone grafting in bone regeneration applications. The composite was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and used as an allograft in bone defects formed in adult Wistar rats. The bone defects in the dorsal cranium were grafted with autogenous bone on one side and the n-HA/β-TCP composite on the other. Histomorphometry evaluation via different staining methods (Goldner trichrome, PAS, and Sirius red) and TRAP histochemistry were performed. Immunohistomorphometries of OPN, Cathepsin K, TRAP, acid phosphatase, VEGF, NFκ-β, MMP-2, MMP-9, and TGF-β were carried out. The RT-PCR method was also applied to to RANK-L , Osteocalcine , Alcaline Phosphatase , Osterix , and Runx2 . The results showed that for all morphometric evaluations with the different staining methods, histochemistry, and immunohistochemistry, VEGF and NFκ-β were higher in the n-HA/β-TCP composite group than in the autogenous bone graft group. The RT-PCR markers were higher in the autogenous bone group than in the n-HA/β-TCP composite group. The n-HA/β-TCP composite exhibited enhanced cell-matrix interactions in bone remodeling, higher adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation, and increased vascularization. These results suggest that the n-HA/β-TCP composite induces faster bone formation than autogenous bone grafting.

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Keywords: autogenous bone; beta-tricalcium phosphate; biomaterial; bone graft; hydroxyapatite

91D9GV0Z28 (Durapatite)
0 (beta-tricalcium phosphate)
0 (hydroxyapatite-beta tricalcium phosphate)
0 (Calcium Phosphates)
0 (Bone Substitutes)
0 (Hydroxyapatites)

Date Created: 20250111 Date Completed: 20250111 Latest Revision: 20250113

20250129

PMC11720495

10.3390/ijms26010052

39795911