The Influence of Juglans regia L. Extract and Ellagic Acid on Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Bone Regeneration Biomarkers.

Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101092791 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1422-0067 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14220067 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Mol Sci Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI, [2000-

Juglans*/chemistry ; Ellagic Acid*/pharmacology ; Oxidative Stress*/drug effects ; Plant Extracts*/pharmacology ; Plant Extracts*/chemistry ; Bone Regeneration*/drug effects ; Biomarkers* ; Inflammation*/drug therapy ; Inflammation*/metabolism; Animals ; Rats ; Male ; Skull/drug effects ; Skull/metabolism ; Rats, Wistar ; RANK Ligand/metabolism ; Antioxidants/pharmacology

Bone regeneration is a highly dynamic and complex process that involves hematopoietic stem cells and mesenchymal cells, collagen fibers, non-collagenous proteins and biomolecules from extracellular matrices, and different cytokines and immune cells, as well as growth factors and hormones. Some phytochemicals due to antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects can modulate the bone signaling pathways and improve bone healing and thus can be a good candidate for osteoregeneration. The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of Juglans regia L. extract compared to ellagic acid on bone neoformation in rats. The animals with a 5 mm calvaria defect were divided into four groups (n = 10): group 1 was treated with ellagic acid 1% (EA), group 2 was treated with Juglans regia L. extract 10% (JR), group 3 was treated with a biphasic mix of hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate (Ceraform), and group 4 was treated with vehicle inert gel with carboxymethylcellulose (CMC). After 3 weeks of treatment, blood samples were collected for oxidative stress and inflammation assessment. Additionally, the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand (RANKL) and hydroxyproline levels were quantified in blood. The skull samples were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy in order to detect the modifications in the four groups. The results suggested that JR extract had relevant anti-oxidant effect and bone protective activity and generated the accumulation of Ca and P, demonstrating the potential therapeutic abilities in bone regeneration.

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Keywords: Juglans regia L. extract; RANKL; bone regeneration; catalase; ellagic acid; hydroxyproline; interleukin-6; malondialdehyde; superoxide dismutase; tumor necrosis factor-α

19YRN3ZS9P (Ellagic Acid)
0 (Plant Extracts)
0 (Biomarkers)
0 (RANK Ligand)
0 (Antioxidants)

Date Created: 20241217 Date Completed: 20241217 Latest Revision: 20250104

20250114

PMC11641699

10.3390/ijms252312577

39684288