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Socio-Demographic Determinant Factors for Serum Iron, Copper, Zinc, and Selenium Concentrations Among U.S. Women of Childbearing Age.

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  • معلومة اضافية
    • المصدر:
      Publisher: MDPI Publishing Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101521595 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2072-6643 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20726643 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Nutrients Subsets: MEDLINE
    • بيانات النشر:
      Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI Publishing
    • الموضوع:
      Selenium*/blood ; Zinc*/blood ; Iron*/blood ; Copper*/blood ; Nutrition Surveys*; Humans ; Female ; Adult ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Young Adult ; United States ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Sociodemographic Factors ; Trace Elements/blood
    • نبذة مختصرة :
      Background: Trace elements (TEs) are essential nutrients for the human body and have a significant impact on fertility and hormone levels in women of reproductive age, underscoring the importance of understanding sociodemographic variations in their concentrations within this population.
      Objective: To investigate the socio-demographic factors influencing blood concentrations of four essential TEs, including iron, zinc, copper, and selenium among women of reproductive age.
      Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of women aged 20-44 years was performed using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2018. Serum iron data were analyzed for 9211 women across 10 cycles, while serum copper, zinc, and selenium data were available for 1027 women across 3 cycles. Generalized linear and logistic regressions examined the individual associations of socio-demographic factors, including age, race and ethnicity, education, and poverty index ratio, with iron, zinc, copper, and selenium concentrations treated as continuous and categorical outcomes, respectively. A qualitative heatmap explored the joint associations between the socio-demographic factors and the four essential TEs.
      Results: Reduced iron concentrations and increased risks of insufficiency occurred in older, Black, low-education, or low-income women. Black women were more likely to have lower zinc and selenium concentrations and an increased risk of zinc insufficiency but higher copper concentrations. The qualitative heatmap found that older, Black, low-education, and low-income women generally had lower concentrations of the four TEs, particularly iron (β = -0.10; p < 0.01).
      Conclusions: Socially disadvantaged women are more likely to present with lower TE concentrations, and these specific population groups should be targeted by replenishment planning by public health initiatives.
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    • Grant Information:
      2022YFC2705300 the National Key Research and Development Program of China
    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: NHANES; childbearing age; socio-demographic; trace elements; women
    • الرقم المعرف:
      H6241UJ22B (Selenium)
      J41CSQ7QDS (Zinc)
      E1UOL152H7 (Iron)
      789U1901C5 (Copper)
      0 (Trace Elements)
    • الموضوع:
      Date Created: 20241217 Date Completed: 20241217 Latest Revision: 20250104
    • الموضوع:
      20250104
    • الرقم المعرف:
      PMC11644430
    • الرقم المعرف:
      10.3390/nu16234243
    • الرقم المعرف:
      39683636