The HicAB System: Characteristics and Biological Roles of an Underappreciated Toxin-Antitoxin System.

Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101092791 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1422-0067 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14220067 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Mol Sci Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI, [2000-

Toxin-Antitoxin Systems*/genetics ; Bacteria*/genetics ; Bacteria*/metabolism; Bacterial Proteins/metabolism ; Bacterial Proteins/genetics ; Bacterial Toxins/metabolism ; Bacterial Toxins/genetics ; Operon/genetics ; Antitoxins/genetics ; Antitoxins/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial

Small genetic elements known as toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are abundant in bacterial genomes and involved in stress response, phage inhibition, mobile genetic elements maintenance and biofilm formation. Type II TA systems are the most abundant and diverse, and they are organized as bicistronic operons that code for proteins (toxin and antitoxin) able to interact through a nontoxic complex. However, HicAB is one of the type II TA systems that remains understudied. Here, we review the current knowledge of HicAB systems in different bacteria, their main characteristics and the existing evidence to associate them with some biological roles, are described. The accumulative evidence reviewed here, though modest, underscores that HicAB systems are underexplored TA systems with significant potential for future research.

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FONDECYT 11230634 Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo

Keywords: HicA; HicAB; HicB; biofilm; persistence; phage defense; plasmid maintenance; toxin-antitoxin systems; virulence

0 (Bacterial Proteins)
0 (Bacterial Toxins)
0 (Antitoxins)

Date Created: 20241127 Date Completed: 20241127 Latest Revision: 20241204

20250114

PMC11594946

10.3390/ijms252212165

39596231