Endocannabinoid System and Metabolism: The Influences of Sex.

Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101092791 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1422-0067 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14220067 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Mol Sci Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI, [2000-

Endocannabinoids*/metabolism ; Sex Characteristics* ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones*/metabolism; Animals ; Humans ; Female ; Male ; Energy Metabolism ; Liver/metabolism ; Receptors, Cannabinoid/metabolism ; Brain/metabolism ; Signal Transduction

The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is a lipid signaling system involved in numerous physiological processes, such as endocrine homeostasis, appetite control, energy balance, and metabolism. The ECS comprises endocannabinoids, their cognate receptors, and the enzymatic machinery that tightly regulates their levels within tissues. This system has been identified in various organs, including the brain and liver, in multiple mammalian and non-mammalian species. However, information regarding the sex-specific regulation of the ECS remains limited, even though increasing evidence suggests that interactions between sex steroid hormones and the ECS may ultimately modulate hepatic metabolism and energy homeostasis. Within this framework, we will review the sexual dimorphism of the ECS in various animal models, providing evidence of the crosstalk between endocannabinoids and sex hormones via different metabolic pathways. Additionally, we will underscore the importance of understanding how endocrine-disrupting chemicals and exogenous cannabinoids influence ECS-dependent metabolic pathways in a sex-specific manner.

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Keywords: CB1; appetite; endocannabinoid system; lipid signaling; liver; metabolic disorders; sex hormones; sexual dimorphism

0 (Endocannabinoids)
0 (Gonadal Steroid Hormones)
0 (Receptors, Cannabinoid)

Date Created: 20241127 Date Completed: 20241127 Latest Revision: 20241204

20241204

PMC11593739

10.3390/ijms252211909

39595979