A Narrative Review of High Throughput Wastewater Sample Processing for Infectious Disease Surveillance: Challenges, Progress, and Future Opportunities.

Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101238455 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1660-4601 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 16604601 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Environ Res Public Health Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Basel : MDPI, c2004-

Wastewater*/virology ; Wastewater*/microbiology ; COVID-19*/epidemiology; Humans ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Wastewater-Based Epidemiological Monitoring ; Communicable Diseases/epidemiology

During the recent COVID-19 pandemic, wastewater-based epidemiological (WBE) surveillance played a crucial role in evaluating infection rates, analyzing variants, and identifying hot spots in a community. This expanded the possibilities for using wastewater to monitor the prevalence of infectious diseases. The full potential of WBE remains hindered by several factors, such as a lack of information on the survival of pathogens in sewage, heterogenicity of wastewater matrices, inconsistent sampling practices, lack of standard test methods, and variable sensitivity of analytical techniques. In this study, we review the aforementioned challenges, cost implications, process automation, and prospects of WBE for full-fledged wastewater-based community health screening. A comprehensive literature survey was conducted using relevant keywords, and peer reviewed articles pertinent to our research focus were selected for this review with the aim of serving as a reference for research related to wastewater monitoring for early epidemic detection.

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Keywords: artificial intelligence; automation; disease surveillance; operational challenges; pandemic preparedness; wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE)

0 (Wastewater)

Date Created: 20241127 Date Completed: 20241127 Latest Revision: 20241211

20241212

PMC11593539

10.3390/ijerph21111432

39595699