Sulforaphane Attenuates Ethanol-Induced Teratogenesis and Dysangiogenesis in Zebrafish Embryos.

Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101092791 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1422-0067 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14220067 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Mol Sci Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI, [2000-

Zebrafish*/embryology ; Ethanol*/toxicity ; Ethanol*/adverse effects ; Sulfoxides* ; Isothiocyanates*/pharmacology ; Teratogenesis*/drug effects ; Embryo, Nonmammalian*/drug effects; Animals ; Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders/drug therapy ; Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders/prevention & control ; Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders/pathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female

Prenatal ethanol exposure can cause a broad range of abnormalities in newborns known as Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD). Despite significant progress in understanding the disease mechanisms of FASD, there remains a strong global need for effective therapies. To evaluate the therapeutic potential of sulforaphane (SFN), an active compound extracted from cruciferous vegetables, in preventing FASD, ethanol-exposed zebrafish embryos were pretreated, co-treated, or post-treated with various concentrations of SFN. The FASD-like morphological features, survival rate, hatching rate, and vascular development were then assessed in the zebrafish embryos. It was found that pretreatment with 2 μM SFN during 3-24 hpf had no noticeable protective effects against teratogenicity induced by subsequent 1.5% ethanol exposure during 24-48 hpf. In contrast, co-treatment with 2 μM SFN and 1.5% ethanol during 3-24 hpf significantly alleviated a range of ethanol-induced malformations, including reduced body length, small eyes, reduced brain size, small otic vesicle, small jaw, and pericardial edema. Post-treatment with 3 μM SFN for 4 days following 1.5% ethanol exposure during 3-24 hpf also significantly reduced the characteristic features of FASD, decreasing the mortality rate and restoring body length, eye size, brain size, and otic vesicle circumference. Moreover, we found that ethanol, even at a low dose (0.5%), causes vascular development deficit in the zebrafish embryos, which were also largely rescued by SFN treatment. These data indicated that SFN has great potential to be used in the prevention and treatment of FASD.

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23CDA1053102 American Heart Association

Keywords: fetal alcohol spectrum disorders; sulforaphane; zebrafish embryos

GA49J4310U (sulforaphane)
3K9958V90M (Ethanol)
0 (Sulfoxides)
0 (Isothiocyanates)

Date Created: 20241109 Date Completed: 20241109 Latest Revision: 20241116

20241116

PMC11546994

10.3390/ijms252111529

39519082