Maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index and gestational weight gain on adverse birth outcomes in Chinese newborns: a retrospective study.

Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: Bangladesh NLM ID: 100959228 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2072-1315 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 16060997 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Health Popul Nutr Subsets: MEDLINE

Publication: May 2015- : London: BioMed Central
Original Publication: Dhaka, Bangladesh : ICDDR,B: Centre for Health and Population Research, c2000-

Body Mass Index* ; Gestational Weight Gain* ; Fetal Macrosomia*/epidemiology ; Pregnancy Outcome*/epidemiology ; Infant, Low Birth Weight*; Humans ; Female ; Pregnancy ; Retrospective Studies ; Infant, Newborn ; China/epidemiology ; Adult ; Birth Weight ; Risk Factors ; Pregnancy Complications/epidemiology ; East Asian People

Background: Maternal and child health is an important measure of national well-being. This study further explored the individual and combined effects of maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and gestational weight gain (GWG) on adverse birth weight-related outcomes.
Methods: A retrospective study was carried out at a maternal and child health hospital from 2018 to 2021, and a total of 17,506 eligible women were invited to participate. The associations of pre-pregnancy BMI and GWG with adverse birth outcomes were examined by using restricted cubic spline regression and binary logistic regression.
Results: Pre-pregnancy BMI and GWG had non-linear associations with low birth weight and macrosomia. They were associated with an increased risk of macrosomia (Pre-pregnancy BMI for OR = 1.170, 95%CI:1.144 to 1.197, P < 0.001, and GWG for OR = 1.071, 95%CI:1.054 to 1.089, P < 0.001) and large for gestational age infant (LGA) (Pre-pregnancy BMI for OR = 1.125, 95%CI:1.111 to 1.141, P < 0.001, and GWG for OR = 1.045, 95%CI:1.036 to 1.054, P < 0.001). The high risk of low birth weight and preterm birth was observed among the group of women with inadequate GWG. The risks of macrosomia and LGA increased with pre-pregnancy BMI from low weight to overweight and obesity, and GWG from inadequate to overabundance, while small for gestational age infant was more prevalent in the low pre-pregnancy BMI group.
Conclusions: Pre-pregnancy BMI and GWG exhibited non-linear associations with low birth weight and macrosomia. The various combinations of pre-pregnancy BMI and GWG had different effects on adverse birth weight-related outcomes.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)

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2021SK53212 the Planned Science and Technology Project of Hunan Province, China

Keywords: Adverse outcomes; Birth weight; Gestational weight gain; Pre-pregnancy body mass index

Date Created: 20241023 Date Completed: 20241023 Latest Revision: 20241031

20250114

PMC11515635

10.1186/s41043-024-00652-x

39438934