Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds Produced by the Intestinal Microbiota and Cardiovascular Disease.

Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101092791 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1422-0067 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14220067 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Mol Sci Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI, [2000-

Gastrointestinal Microbiome*/drug effects ; Cardiovascular Diseases*/prevention & control ; Cardiovascular Diseases*/metabolism; Humans ; Animals ; Probiotics ; Molecular Weight ; Fatty Acids, Volatile/metabolism ; Prebiotics

Cardiovascular disease is the main cause of mortality in industrialized countries, with over 500 million people affected worldwide. In this work, the roles of low-molecular-weight metabolites originating from the gut microbiome, such as short-chain fatty acids, hydrogen sulfide, trimethylamine, phenylacetic acid, secondary bile acids, indoles, different gases, neurotransmitters, vitamins, and complex lipids, are discussed in relation to their CVD-promoting or preventing activities. Molecules of mixed microbial and human hepatic origin, such as trimethylamine N-oxide and phenylacetylglutamine, are also presented. Finally, dietary agents with cardioprotective effects, such as probiotics, prebiotics, mono- and poly-unsaturated fatty acids, carotenoids, and polyphenols, are also discussed. A special emphasis is given to their gut microbiota-modulating properties.

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AYUD/2021/51347 Gobierno del Principado de Asturias; PID2021-127812OB-I00 Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades; MCI-21-PID2020-113062RB-100 Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades; PRDAS233973MCAL Asociación Española Contra el Cáncer; PRE2019-089448 Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades; MIG-20201012 Centro para el Desarrollo Tecnológico Industrial

Keywords: bile acids; hydrogen sulfide; phenylacetylglutamine; short-chain fatty acid; trimethylamine N-oxide

0 (Fatty Acids, Volatile)
0 (Prebiotics)

Date Created: 20241016 Date Completed: 20241016 Latest Revision: 20241019

20241019

PMC11477366

10.3390/ijms251910397

39408727