Role and Function of Peroxisomes in Neuroinflammation.

Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101600052 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2073-4409 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20734409 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Cells Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI

Peroxisomes*/metabolism ; Neuroinflammatory Diseases*/metabolism ; Neuroinflammatory Diseases*/pathology; Humans ; Animals ; Inflammation/pathology ; Inflammation/metabolism ; Peroxisomal Disorders/metabolism ; Peroxisomal Disorders/pathology ; Microglia/metabolism ; Microglia/pathology

Peroxisomes are organelles involved in many cellular metabolic functions, including the degradation of very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs; C ≥ 22), the initiation of ether-phospholipid synthesis, and the metabolism of reactive oxygen species. All of these processes are essential for the maintenance of cellular lipid and redox homeostasis, and their perturbation can trigger inflammatory response in immune cells, including in the central nervous system (CNS) resident microglia and astrocytes. Consistently, peroxisomal disorders, a group of congenital diseases caused by a block in peroxisomal biogenesis or the impairment of one of the peroxisomal enzymes, are associated with neuroinflammation. Peroxisomal function is also dysregulated in many neurodegenerative diseases and during brain aging, both of which are associated with neuroinflammation. This suggests that deciphering the role of peroxisomes in neuroinflammation may be important for understanding both congenital and age-related brain dysfunction. In this review, we discuss the current advances in understanding the role and function of peroxisomes in neuroinflammation.

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R01 NS115876 United States NS NINDS NIH HHS; R21 NS117867 United States NS NINDS NIH HHS; R56 AG081262 United States AG NIA NIH HHS; R21 (R21NS117867) grant to CS and NIH R01 (R01 NS115876) to MML. United States GF NIH HHS

Keywords: ether phospholipids; neuroinflammation; peroxisomal disorders; peroxisomes; very-long-chain fatty acids

Date Created: 20241015 Date Completed: 20241015 Latest Revision: 20250127

20250127

PMC11476013

10.3390/cells13191655

39404418