Characteristics of Candida albicans Derived From HIV-Positive Individuals With Oral Candidiasis: Genotyping, Phenotypic Variation, Antifungal Susceptibility, and Biofilm Formation.

Publisher: Wiley Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 8801384 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1098-2825 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 08878013 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Clin Lab Anal Subsets: MEDLINE

Publication: Hoboken, N.J. : Wiley
Original Publication: New York : Alan R. Liss, Inc., c1987-

Biofilms*/drug effects ; Biofilms*/growth & development ; Candida albicans*/genetics ; Candida albicans*/drug effects ; Candidiasis, Oral*/microbiology ; Antifungal Agents*/pharmacology ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests* ; Genotype* ; Phenotype*; Humans ; HIV Infections/complications ; Male ; Female ; Adult ; Drug Resistance, Fungal/genetics

Background: Oral candidiasis (OC) is one of the most common mucosal infections in those afflicted with HIV/AIDS. This study aimed to provide detailed information on the phenotype, genotype, antifungal susceptibility, and biofilm formation ability of oral Candida albicans isolated from HIV-infected patients with OC.
Methods: A total of 25 C. albicans isolates were collected from oral lesions of HIV-infected patients referred to Behavioral Diseases Counseling Center affiliated with Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Iran. The antifungal susceptibility testing was done according to CLSI M27 guideline (fourth edition). The crystal violet method was used to evaluate the biofilm formation ability of isolates. Different phenotypes were identified on yeast extract-peptone-dextrose agar medium supplemented with phloxine B. Genotyping analysis of the isolates was performed using high-resolution melting (HRM) assays and ABC genotyping.
Results: The highest and lowest susceptibility of the C. albicans isolates was found for fluconazole 24 (96%) and ITC 18 (72%), respectively. Forty-eight percent of the isolates had high biofilm formation ability and exhibited gray cell type. The most common genotype was genotype B (52%). HRM analysis of HIS3, EF3, and CDC3 markers showed three, four, and five different groups, respectively.
Conclusion: Investigating the phenotype, antifungal susceptibility and biofilm formation ability of the C. albicans isolates obtained from oral lesions of HIV-infected patients revealed that the dominant genotypes in the current research could cause more serious infections from the oral source. We recommend further research with a larger sample size to determine the molecular epidemiology of C. albicans among HIV patients in Iran.
(© 2024 The Author(s). Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.)

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OG-9945 Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences

Keywords: Candida albicans; antifungal susceptibility; biofilm formation; genotyping; high‐resolution melting; phenotypes

0 (Antifungal Agents)

Date Created: 20240919 Date Completed: 20241029 Latest Revision: 20241031

20250114

PMC11520941

10.1002/jcla.25103

39297751