Results of mother-to-child transmission in hepatitis B-positive mothers who underwent amniocentesis.

Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 100968551 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1471-2334 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14712334 NLM ISO Abbreviation: BMC Infect Dis Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: London : BioMed Central, [2001-

Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical* ; Hepatitis B*/transmission ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens*/blood ; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious*/virology ; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious*/drug therapy ; Amniocentesis* ; Hepatitis B virus*/genetics ; Hepatitis B virus*/isolation & purification ; DNA, Viral*/blood ; Hepatitis B e Antigens*/blood ; Viral Load*; Humans ; Female ; Pregnancy ; Retrospective Studies ; Infant, Newborn ; Adult ; Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use ; Male ; Mothers ; Young Adult

Purpose: This study aims to analyze whether undergoing amniocentesis during pregnancy in women diagnosed with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection leads to HBV transmission to newborns.
Methods: Retrospective data collection was conducted from June 2019 to November 2022 on expectant mothers positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) who underwent amniocentesis at The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, along with data on their newborns. The study summarized the HBV infection status of newborns born to mothers with different expressions of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg), antiviral treatment versus no treatment, and different HBV DNA viral loads before delivery.
Results: In this study, 346 expectant mothers tested positive for HBsAg, along with 351 newborns (including 5 sets of twins, with 8 infants (2.28%) testing HBsAg-positive at birth. All newborns received dual immunotherapy and were followed up. At 7-12 months, retesting for HBsAg positivity and HBV DNA positivity among infants revealed that out of the infants born with HBsAg positivity, 7 cases had seroconverted to negative, while the remaining infant, who was positive for both HBsAg and HBeAg at birth, tested positive for both HBsAg and HBV DNA at 7-12 months. Thus, one case of vertical transmission of hepatitis B from mother to child occurred in this study. The proportion of infants born with HBsAg + among newborns born to HBeAg-positive mothers (4 cases, 6.06%) was significantly higher than that among newborns born to HBeAg-negative mothers (4 cases, 1.41%) (P < 0.05). The proportion of infants born with HBsAg + showed no significant difference between newborns born to mothers receiving antiviral therapy (2 cases, 2.90%) and those born to mothers not receiving antiviral therapy (6 cases, 2.13%) (P > 0.05). Among expectant mothers with viral load ≥ 6 log 10 IU/mL before delivery, 3 newborns (30.00%) were manifesting HBsAg positivity at birth, significantly higher than the group with viral load < 6 log 10 IU/mL before delivery (5 cases, 1.47%) (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: Among HBsAg-positive expectant mothers, only a small number of infants are infected with the hepatitis B virus at birth, the proportion of which is relatively low. Infants born to mothers who are HBeAg-positive or have a viral load ≥ 6 log10 IU/mL have a higher risk of being born positive.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)

Erratum in: BMC Infect Dis. 2024 Sep 26;24(1):1025. doi: 10.1186/s12879-024-09936-3. (PMID: 39327575)

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Keywords: Amniocentesis; Hepatitis B Virus infection; Intrauterine infection; Mother-to-child transmission; Viral load

0 (Hepatitis B Surface Antigens)
0 (DNA, Viral)
0 (Hepatitis B e Antigens)
0 (Antiviral Agents)

Date Created: 20240911 Date Completed: 20240912 Latest Revision: 20240926

20250114

PMC11391603

10.1186/s12879-024-09848-2

39261777