Aetiology and Outcome of Childhood Convulsive Status Epilepticus: A tertiary care experience in Oman.

Publisher: Sultan Qaboos University Country of Publication: Oman NLM ID: 101519915 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2075-0528 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 2075051X NLM ISO Abbreviation: Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Muscat : Sultan Qaboos University

Status Epilepticus*/drug therapy ; Status Epilepticus*/etiology; Humans ; Oman/epidemiology ; Male ; Female ; Retrospective Studies ; Child, Preschool ; Child ; Anticonvulsants/therapeutic use ; Tertiary Healthcare/statistics & numerical data ; Infant ; Diazepam/therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the aetiology, management and outcomes of convulsive status epilepticus (CSE) in children and highlight the factors influencing patient outcomes in such cases.
Methods: In a retrospective study spanning the 2020-2023 period, 93 children with CSE treated at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital's emergency department (ED), high dependency unit (HDU) and intensive care unit (ICU) were analysed. The Modified Rankin Scale at discharge was used to determine CSE outcomes.
Results: Among the 93 children studied (mean age 4.84 ± 3.64 years), predominantly Omani (92.47%), 14 aetiologies were noted. Of them, acute symptomatic (37.7%) and febrile status (31.2%) were the primary causes of CSE. Diazepam was administered as the first-line treatment in 58 (67.44%) cases, with a median seizure duration of 45 minutes. Successful seizure control was achieved in 71 (76.34%) cases within 60 minutes. A return to baseline was observed in 55.9% of cases, while mortality and disability were noted in 5.38% and 38.7% of cases, respectively. For 17 cases, aetiology and duration significantly impacted patient outcomes ( P <0.05).
Conclusion: Acute symptomatic status is the most common aetiology of CSE. A longer duration of CSE is associated with higher mortality and neurological disability. Prompt and appropriate management of CSE is essential. Furthermore, identifying and treating the underlying cause of CSE is a crucial step in reducing its duration and improving patient outcomes.
Competing Interests: CONFLICT OF INTEREST: The authors declare no conflict of interests.
(© Copyright 2024, Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal, All Rights Reserved.)

Keywords: Convulsive Status Epilepticus; Etiology; Outcome; Rankin Scale

0 (Anticonvulsants)
Q3JTX2Q7TU (Diazepam)

Date Created: 20240905 Date Completed: 20240905 Latest Revision: 20240905

20240905

PMC11370940

10.18295/squmj.6.2024.031

39234323