Unveiling the potential of phytochemicals to inhibit nuclear receptor binding SET domain protein 2 for cancer: Pharmacophore screening, molecular docking, ADME properties, and molecular dynamics simulation investigations.

Publisher: Public Library of Science Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101285081 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1932-6203 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 19326203 NLM ISO Abbreviation: PLoS One Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: San Francisco, CA : Public Library of Science

Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase*/antagonists & inhibitors ; Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase*/metabolism ; Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase*/chemistry ; Molecular Docking Simulation* ; Molecular Dynamics Simulation* ; Pharmacophore* ; Phytochemicals*/chemistry ; Phytochemicals*/pharmacology ; Phytochemicals*/metabolism ; Repressor Proteins*/chemistry ; Repressor Proteins*/metabolism ; Repressor Proteins*/antagonists & inhibitors; Humans ; Drug Discovery/methods ; Hydrogen Bonding ; Ligands ; Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Neoplasms/metabolism ; Protein Binding

Nuclear receptor binding SET domain protein 2 (NSD2) significantly contributes to the development of cancer, making it a promising target for cancer drug discovery. This research explores natural compounds as potential selective inhibitors for NSD2 in cancer treatment. Employing a comprehensive in silico approach, the study utilized pharmacophore modeling, molecular docking, pharmacokinetic profiling, and molecular dynamics simulations. An e-pharmacophore model-based screening using the first selective and potent ligand bound to NSD2 identified 49,248 natural compounds from the SuperNatural 3.0 database (containing 449,008 molecules) with acceptable alignment with the developed pharmacophore hypotheses. Subsequently, molecular docking was executed to assess the standout compounds which led to the selection of ten candidates that surpassed the reference inhibitor in accordance w the binding affinity expressed as a G score. Ligand-residue interaction analyses of the top three hits (SN0450102, SN0410255, and SN0142336) revealed diverse crucial interactions with the NSD2 active site, including hydrogen bonds, pi-pi stacking, and hydrophobic contacts with key amino acid residues in the NSD2-PWWP1 domain. Pharmacokinetic profiling confirmed the drug-likability for the refined hits, indicating good cellular permeability and minimal blood-brain barrier penetration. Molecular dynamics simulations for 200 nanoseconds affirmed the stability of protein-ligand complexes, with minimal fluctuations in root mean square deviation and root mean square fluctuation analyses. Overall, this study identified promising natural compounds as potential pharmaceutical agents in the treatment of NSD2-associated cancers.
Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
(Copyright: © 2024 Mohamed et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)

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EC 2.1.1.43 (Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase)
0 (Ligands)
EC 2.1.1.43 (NSD2 protein, human)
0 (Phytochemicals)
0 (Repressor Proteins)

Date Created: 20240820 Date Completed: 20240820 Latest Revision: 20240826

20240827

PMC11335128

10.1371/journal.pone.0308913

39163297