Which Constituents Determine the Antioxidant Activity and Cytotoxicity of Garlic? Role of Organosulfur Compounds and Phenolics.

Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101092791 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1422-0067 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14220067 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Mol Sci Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI, [2000-

Garlic*/chemistry ; Antioxidants*/pharmacology ; Antioxidants*/chemistry ; Phenols*/pharmacology ; Phenols*/chemistry ; Disulfides*/pharmacology ; Disulfides*/chemistry ; Plant Extracts*/pharmacology ; Plant Extracts*/chemistry ; Sulfinic Acids*/pharmacology ; Sulfinic Acids*/chemistry ; Sulfides*/pharmacology ; Sulfides*/chemistry ; Allyl Compounds*/pharmacology ; Allyl Compounds*/chemistry; Humans ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Sulfur Compounds/pharmacology ; Sulfur Compounds/chemistry ; Cysteine/analogs & derivatives ; Cysteine/chemistry ; Cysteine/pharmacology ; Cell Survival/drug effects ; Cell Proliferation/drug effects ; Fibroblasts/drug effects ; Fibroblasts/metabolism

Garlic is a vegetable with numerous pro-health properties, showing high antioxidant capacity, and cytotoxicity for various malignant cells. The inhibition of cell proliferation by garlic is mainly attributed to the organosulfur compounds (OSCs), but it is far from obvious which constituents of garlic indeed participate in the antioxidant and cytotoxic action of garlic extracts. This study aimed to obtain insight into this question by examining the antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity of six OSCs and five phenolics present in garlic. Three common assays of antioxidant activity were employed (ABTS ^● decolorization, DPPH ^● decolorization, and FRAP). Cytotoxicity of both classes of compounds to PEO1 and SKOV-3 ovarian cancer cells, and MRC-5 fibroblasts was compared. Negligible antioxidant activities of the studied OSCs (alliin, allicin, S -allyl-D-cysteine, allyl sulfide, diallyl disulfide, and diallyl trisulfide) were observed, excluding the possibility of any significant contribution of these compounds to the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of garlic extracts estimated by the commonly used reductive assays. Comparable cytotoxic activities of OSCs and phenolics (caffeic, p -coumaric, ferulic, gallic acids, and quercetin) indicate that both classes of compounds may contribute to the cytotoxic action of garlic.

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UR/ITZiZ/PB/PBA/2024 Ministerstwo Szkolnictwa Wyższego i Nauki

Keywords: PEO1 cells; SKOV-3 cells; antioxidant; garlic; organosulfur compounds; phenolics

0 (Antioxidants)
0 (Phenols)
0 (Disulfides)
0 (Plant Extracts)
3C39BY17Y6 (allicin)
0 (Sulfinic Acids)
0 (Sulfides)
0 (Allyl Compounds)
5HI47O6OA7 (diallyl disulfide)
0 (Sulfur Compounds)
7I4L2D0E9G (alliin)
0ZO1U5A3XX (diallyl trisulfide)
K848JZ4886 (Cysteine)
81R3X99M15 (S-allylcysteine)

Date Created: 20240810 Date Completed: 20240810 Latest Revision: 20240812

20250114

PMC11313193

10.3390/ijms25158391

39125961