Utilization of multiplex polymerase chain reaction for simultaneous and rapid detection of viral infections from different ocular structures.

Publisher: Nature Publishing Group Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101563288 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2045-2322 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20452322 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Sci Rep Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: London : Nature Publishing Group, copyright 2011-

Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction*/methods ; Aqueous Humor*/virology; Humans ; Female ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Adult ; Herpesvirus 1, Human/genetics ; Herpesvirus 1, Human/isolation & purification ; Aged ; Eye Infections, Viral/virology ; Eye Infections, Viral/diagnosis ; Eye Infections, Viral/epidemiology ; Herpesvirus 2, Human/genetics ; Herpesvirus 2, Human/isolation & purification ; Adolescent ; Young Adult ; Herpesvirus 3, Human/genetics ; Herpesvirus 3, Human/isolation & purification ; Virus Diseases/diagnosis ; Virus Diseases/virology ; Virus Diseases/epidemiology ; Child ; Keratitis/virology ; Keratitis/diagnosis ; Keratitis/epidemiology ; Tears/virology

The impact of viral keratitis (VK) on individuals and society is notable. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial in managing viral keratitis effectively. Timely intervention with antiviral medications and supportive care can help mitigate the severity of the infection and improve visual outcomes. We examined the prevalence of varicella-zoster virus (VZV), herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), adenovirus (AdV) and herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) in patients suspected for ocular infections. Patients included in the study exhibited various clinical manifestations indicative of ocular pathology, such as infectious keratitis, corneal scar, endogenous endophthalmitis, panuveitis, endothelitis, stromal edema, and other relevant conditions. Four different types of tear fluid, corneal samples epithelium, aqueous humor and vitreous humor were taken. After genome extraction, multiplex real-time PCR was used for diagnosis of viruses. 48 (29.6%) out of the total of 162 (100%) eye specimen were positive. The dominant prevalence was VZV (12.3%) and HSV-1 (11.7%) followed by AdV (4.9%) and HSV-2 (0.6%). There were 4 (8.3%) coinfections within the samples (HSV-1 and VZV). Aqueous humor samples demonstrated superior virus detection ability and our only HSV-2 positive sample was from aqueous humor. The utilization of multiplex real-time PCR assays in differential diagnosis of VK holds promise for expeditious diagnoses while also preventing unwarranted antibiotic prescriptions. Moreover, the aqueous humor appears to be a more sensitive site for detecting viral keratitis.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)

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Keywords: Infectious keratitis; Keratitis; Multiplex PCR; Ocular infection

Date Created: 20240803 Date Completed: 20240803 Latest Revision: 20240809

20240809

PMC11297968

10.1038/s41598-024-68171-7

39097632