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The Impact of SIV-Induced Immunodeficiency on SARS-CoV-2 Disease, Viral Dynamics, and Antiviral Immune Response in a Nonhuman Primate Model of Coinfection.

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  • معلومة اضافية
    • المصدر:
      Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101509722 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1999-4915 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 19994915 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Viruses Subsets: MEDLINE
    • بيانات النشر:
      Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI
    • الموضوع:
      Simian Immunodeficiency Virus*/immunology ; COVID-19*/immunology ; COVID-19*/virology ; Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome*/immunology ; Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome*/virology ; SARS-CoV-2*/immunology ; Disease Models, Animal* ; Coinfection*/immunology ; Coinfection*/virology; Animals ; Virus Replication ; Macaca nemestrina ; Pilot Projects ; Antibodies, Viral/immunology ; Antibodies, Viral/blood ; Viral Load ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology ; Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood
    • نبذة مختصرة :
      The effects of immunodeficiency associated with chronic HIV infection on COVID-19 disease and viral persistence have not been directly addressed in a controlled setting. In this pilot study, we exposed two pigtail macaques (PTMs) chronically infected with SIVmac239, exhibiting from very low to no CD4 T cells across all compartments, to SARS-CoV-2. We monitored the disease progression, viral replication, and evolution, and compared these outcomes with SIV-naïve PTMs infected with SARS-CoV-2. No overt signs of COVID-19 disease were observed in either animal, and the SARS-CoV-2 viral kinetics and evolution in the SIVmac239 PTMs were indistinguishable from those in the SIV-naïve PTMs in all sampled mucosal sites. However, the single-cell RNA sequencing of bronchoalveolar lavage cells revealed an infiltration of functionally inert monocytes after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Critically, neither of the SIV-infected PTMs mounted detectable anti-SARS-CoV-2 T-cell responses nor anti-SARS-CoV-2 binding or neutralizing antibodies. Thus, HIV-induced immunodeficiency alone may not be sufficient to drive the emergence of novel viral variants but may remove the ability of infected individuals to mount adaptive immune responses against SARS-CoV-2.
    • Comments:
      Update of: bioRxiv. 2023 Nov 16:2023.11.15.567132. doi: 10.1101/2023.11.15.567132. (PMID: 38014096)
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    • Grant Information:
      75N95020D00007 United States DA NIDA NIH HHS; 75N91019D00024 United States CA NCI NIH HHS; R01 AI138782 United States AI NIAID NIH HHS; P51 OD011104 United States OD NIH HHS; S10 OD030347 United States OD NIH HHS; 75N92020D00007 United States HL NHLBI NIH HHS; 75N98020D00007 United States NH NIH HHS; UC7 AI180314 United States AI NIAID NIH HHS; S10 OD026800 United States OD NIH HHS; 75N99020D00007 United States OF ORFDO NIH HHS; 75N94020D00007 United States HD NICHD NIH HHS
    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: HIV/SIV; SARS-CoV-2; coinfection
    • الرقم المعرف:
      0 (Antibodies, Viral)
      0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing)
    • الموضوع:
      Date Created: 20240727 Date Completed: 20240727 Latest Revision: 20240830
    • الموضوع:
      20240830
    • الرقم المعرف:
      PMC11281476
    • الرقم المعرف:
      10.3390/v16071173
    • الرقم المعرف:
      39066335