The Effect of Passive Dehydration on Phase Angle and Body Composition: A Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis.

Publisher: MDPI Publishing Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101521595 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2072-6643 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20726643 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Nutrients Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI Publishing

Electric Impedance* ; Dehydration*/physiopathology ; Body Composition* ; Weight Loss*/physiology ; Body Water*; Humans ; Male ; Adult ; Young Adult

Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a method used to estimate body composition, and it relies mainly on the body's water content. Insufficient body water can introduce bias to body composition scores.
Purpose: To determine the effect of body weight loss elicited by passive dehydration on body composition scores, including phase angle (PhA).
Methods: Twenty-five euhydrated apparently healthy and physically active men's (age = 22.6 ± 3.3 yr.; body mass = 76.7 ± 15.9 kg; height = 172.0 ± 6.3 cm) body composition variables and PhA were measured before and after sitting quietly for 5 h in a controlled environment (26.6 ± 1.7 °C, 72 ± 4.9%RH).
Results: It was found that five hours of passive dehydration caused a loss in body weight (Δ = 0.76 ± 0.34 kg, p < 0.05) and a decrease in body fat estimation (Δ = 0.90 ± 0.87 kg, p < 0.001). Additionally, an increase in ECW (Δ = 0.12 ± 0.30 L, p < 0.021) and PhA (Δ = 0.10 ± 0.15°, p < 0.005) was observed.
Conclusion: Body weight loss due to passive dehydration decreased BIA-derived fat mass, and increased extracellular water and PhA in physically active and apparently healthy men. Nonetheless, these changes had a negligible effect on the accuracy of the equipment, rendering them clinically insignificant.

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Keywords: BIA; bioimpedance analysis; body composition; dehydration; reliability; total body water; validity

Date Created: 20240727 Date Completed: 20240728 Latest Revision: 20240729

20240729

PMC11279509

10.3390/nu16142202

39064645