Blood-brain barrier integrity is linked to cognitive function, but not to cerebral arterial pulsatility, among elderly.

Publisher: Nature Publishing Group Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101563288 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2045-2322 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20452322 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Sci Rep Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: London : Nature Publishing Group, copyright 2011-

Blood-Brain Barrier*/diagnostic imaging ; Cognition*/physiology ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging*; Humans ; Aged ; Male ; Female ; Aged, 80 and over ; Pulsatile Flow ; Cerebral Arteries/diagnostic imaging ; Cerebral Arteries/physiology ; Prospective Studies ; Hippocampus/diagnostic imaging ; Hippocampus/physiology ; Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Brain/physiology ; Brain/blood supply ; Cognitive Dysfunction/physiopathology ; Cognitive Dysfunction/diagnostic imaging

Blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption may contribute to cognitive decline, but questions remain whether this association is more pronounced for certain brain regions, such as the hippocampus, or represents a whole-brain mechanism. Further, whether human BBB leakage is triggered by excessive vascular pulsatility, as suggested by animal studies, remains unknown. In a prospective cohort (N = 50; 68-84 years), we used contrast-enhanced MRI to estimate the permeability-surface area product (PS) and fractional plasma volume ( v p ), and 4D flow MRI to assess cerebral arterial pulsatility. Cognition was assessed by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score. We hypothesized that high PS would be associated with high arterial pulsatility, and that links to cognition would be specific to hippocampal PS. For 15 brain regions, PS ranged from 0.38 to 0.85 (·10 ^-3  min ^-1 ) and v p from 0.79 to 1.78%. Cognition was related to PS (·10 ^-3  min ^-1 ) in hippocampus (β = - 2.9; p = 0.006), basal ganglia (β = - 2.3; p = 0.04), white matter (β = - 2.6; p = 0.04), whole-brain (β = - 2.7; p = 0.04) and borderline-related for cortex (β = - 2.7; p = 0.076). Pulsatility was unrelated to PS for all regions (p > 0.19). Our findings suggest PS-cognition links mainly reflect a whole-brain phenomenon with only slightly more pronounced links for the hippocampus, and provide no evidence of excessive pulsatility as a trigger of BBB disruption.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)

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2022-04263 Vetenskapsrådet (Swedish Research Council)

Date Created: 20240703 Date Completed: 20240703 Latest Revision: 20240706

20240706

PMC11222381

10.1038/s41598-024-65944-y

38961135