Synchronization of Neurophysiological and Biomechanical Data in a Real-Time Virtual Gait Analysis System (GRAIL): A Proof-of-Principle Study.

Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101204366 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1424-8220 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14248220 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Sensors (Basel) Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI, c2000-

Electroencephalography*/methods ; Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared*/methods ; Gait*/physiology ; Gait Analysis*/methods; Humans ; Biomechanical Phenomena/physiology ; Male ; Adult ; Female ; Virtual Reality ; Walking/physiology ; Brain/physiology ; Proof of Concept Study ; Young Adult

The investigation of gait and its neuronal correlates under more ecologically valid conditions as well as real-time feedback visualization is becoming increasingly important in neuro-motor rehabilitation research. The Gait Real-time Analysis Interactive Lab (GRAIL) offers advanced opportunities for gait and gait-related research by creating more naturalistic yet controlled environments through immersive virtual reality. Investigating the neuronal aspects of gait requires parallel recording of brain activity, such as through mobile electroencephalography (EEG) and/or mobile functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), which must be synchronized with the kinetic and /or kinematic data recorded while walking. This proof-of-concept study outlines the required setup by use of the lab streaming layer (LSL) ecosystem for real-time, simultaneous data collection of two independently operating multi-channel EEG and fNIRS measurement devices and gait kinetics. In this context, a customized approach using a photodiode to synchronize the systems is described. This study demonstrates the achievable temporal accuracy of synchronous data acquisition of neurophysiological and kinematic and kinetic data collection in the GRAIL. By using event-related cerebral hemodynamic activity and visually evoked potentials during a start-to-go task and a checkerboard test, we were able to confirm that our measurement system can replicate known physiological phenomena with latencies in the millisecond range and relate neurophysiological and kinetic data to each other with sufficient accuracy.

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12078, 'Parkinson Vibrating Socks' Interreg VI-Programm Deutschland-Nederland; 211/1024-1 FUGG German Research Foundation (DFG)

Keywords: ecological validity; instrumented treadmill; neuroergonomics; neuroimaging; neurorehabilitation

Date Created: 20240627 Date Completed: 20240627 Latest Revision: 20240629

20250114

PMC11207734

10.3390/s24123779

38931563