Determinants of preventive behavior against Covid-19 in secondary school students based on Health Belief Model (HBM): a structural equations modeling (SEM).

Publisher: BioMedCentral Country of Publication: Bangladesh NLM ID: 100959228 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2072-1315 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 16060997 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Health Popul Nutr Subsets: MEDLINE

Publication: May 2015- : London: BioMedCentral
Original Publication: Dhaka, Bangladesh : ICDDR,B: Centre for Health and Population Research, c2000-

COVID-19*/prevention & control ; Health Belief Model* ; Students*/psychology ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice* ; Health Behavior* ; SARS-CoV-2* ; Latent Class Analysis*; Humans ; Female ; Male ; Adolescent ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Iran ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; Schools ; Coronavirus Infections/prevention & control ; Coronavirus Infections/psychology ; Betacoronavirus ; Factor Analysis, Statistical

Measures such as education, improving knowledge, attitude and taking preventive action to protect against COVID-19 are vital strategies for prevention. The aim of this study was to determine the predictability of Health Belief Model (HBM) constructs in performing preventive behaviors against COVID-19 among secondary school students in Chabahar, Iran. In this cross-sectional-analytical study, 400 secondary school students of Chabahar city were investigated by simple random sampling. The data collection tool was a questionnaire including demographic characteristics, knowledge, behavior, and Health Belief Model constructs' questions. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was used to evaluate the validity of HBM constructs, and the structural equation modeling (SEM) method was used to evaluate the direct and indirect effects of the relationship between knowledge, HBM constructs, and preventive behavior against COVID-19 based on the conceptual model. Based on the results of the structural modeling, the direct effect of knowledge on the constructs of the health belief model was positive and significant (β = 0.34, P-value < 0.001), and on the preventive behavior of students was insignificant (β = 0.12, P-value = 0.07) while the indirect effect of knowledge through increasing the constructs of the HBM on student behavior was positive and significant (β = 0.30, P < 0.001). The relationship between the constructs of the HBM constructs and student behavior was also positive and significant (β = 0.89, P-value < 0.001).Due to the fact that knowledge and HBM structures played a role in predicting the adoption of preventive behavior from COVID-19, it is possible to design appropriate interventions to increase knowledge, sensitivity, perceived severity, and self-efficacy, in order to recover from COVID-19 by adopting preventive behaviors.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)

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Keywords: COVID-19; Health belief model; Preventive behavior; Structural equation modeling; Students

Date Created: 20240626 Date Completed: 20240627 Latest Revision: 20240629

20240629

PMC11210136

10.1186/s41043-024-00589-1

38926733