Investigation of prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella in pet dogs and cats in Turkey.

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons Ltd Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101678837 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2053-1095 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20531095 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Vet Med Sci Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: [Oxford] : John Wiley & Sons Ltd., [2015]-

Salmonella*/classification ; Salmonella*/drug effects ; Dog Diseases*/epidemiology ; Dog Diseases*/microbiology ; Salmonella Infections, Animal*/epidemiology ; Salmonella Infections, Animal*/microbiology ; Salmonella Infections, Animal*/transmission ; Cat Diseases*/epidemiology ; Cat Diseases*/microbiology ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial*; Turkey/epidemiology ; Pets/microbiology ; Prevalence ; Serogroup ; Rectum/microbiology ; Virulence Factors/genetics ; Risk Factors ; Risk Assessment ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Lactobacillales/physiology ; Animals ; Cats ; Dogs

Background: Although salmonellosis is considered to be a foodborne zoonotic disease, pets can play a significant role in the dissemination of antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella organisms to humans because of close contact with their owners.
Objectives: To determine the prevalence, risk factors, virulence factors, serotypes, and antimicrobial resistance profile of Salmonella in pet dogs and cats in Turkey and to assess the public health risk. Furthermore, to perform macroscopic comparison of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in Salmonella-positive and Salmonella-negative animals.
Methods: International Standards Organization (ISO) 6579-1:2017 and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) methods were used to compare the effectiveness of culture methods in the identification of Salmonella in 348 rectal swabs. Positive isolates were serotyped using the slide agglutination method according to the White-Kauffmann-Le Minor scheme and the presence of virulence genes (invA and stn) were evaluated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Antimicrobial activity was tested by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines.
Results: Salmonella prevalence was 5.73% (9/157) in dogs and 0.0% (0/191) in cats. Eight (8/9) isolates were cultured with the ISO method and 5 (5/9) isolates were cultured with the FDA method. Macroscopic results revealed that Salmonella agents had no effect on LAB. Three different serotypes were detected and all isolates were positive for virulence genes. Antibiotic resistance profiling indicated that 11.1% of the isolates were MDR and the highest resistance was found for ciprofloxacin. MDR-resistant S. Virchow and carbapenem-resistant S. Enteritidis were detected from dog isolates. There was a significant difference between raw meat consumption and Salmonella carriage (p < 0.01).
Conclusions: Dogs could be potential carriers of Salmonella infection. The isolation of Salmonella in healthy dogs instead of dogs suffering from diarrhoea indicates that attention should be paid to asymptomatic carriage. The emergence of resistance among zoonotic Salmonella isolates poses a significant threat to public health.
(© 2024 The Author(s). Veterinary Medicine and Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

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TDK-2021-451 Bursa Uludag University Scientific Research Unit Grant

Keywords: Salmonella serotypes; antimicrobial resistance; cats; dogs; lactic acid bacteria; virulence factors

0 (Virulence Factors)
0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents)

Date Created: 20240626 Date Completed: 20240628 Latest Revision: 20240628

20240628

PMC11198019

10.1002/vms3.1513

38924270