Hypertension and immune activation in antiretroviral therapy naïve people living with human immunodeficiency virus.

Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 100968551 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1471-2334 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14712334 NLM ISO Abbreviation: BMC Infect Dis Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: London : BioMed Central, [2001-

HIV Infections*/drug therapy ; HIV Infections*/immunology ; HIV Infections*/complications ; Hypertension*/drug therapy ; Hypertension*/immunology; Humans ; Male ; Female ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Lipopolysaccharide Receptors/blood ; Biomarkers/blood

Background: The pathogenesis of hypertension (HTN) in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) is complex and remains not fully understood. Chronic immune activation (IA) is postulated to be one of the culprits. This notion is derived from studies in HIV-uninfected populations and/or animals while data on HTN and how it relates to IA in PLHIV remains scarce. We determined the relationship between HTN and IA among antiretroviral therapy (ART) naïve PLHIV.
Methods: We analysed baseline data of 365 out of 430 clinical trial participants whose main aim was to investigate the effect of low-dose aspirin on HIV disease progression in PLHIV starting ART. Soluble CD14 (sCD14), T cells co-expressing CD38 and HLA-DR, and PD-1 were the IA and exhaustion markers, respectively studied and were analysed by flow cytometry. Mann-Whitney U-test was used for comparison of the markers by HTN status. A robust Poisson regression model was used to determine the predictors for HTN.
Results: A quarter of the 365 were hypertensive (25.3%, 95% CI 20.9-29.8%), and, had higher median (IQR) body mass index (kg/m ² ) (23.4 (19.6, 28.0) versus 21.9 (19.3, 25.1)) and lower median (IQR) estimated glomerular filtration rate (mL/min/1.73m ² ) (101.2 (79.4, 126.9) versus 113.6 (92.7, 138.8)) than normotensive participants (p < 0.05). Participants with HTN had higher median frequencies of all markers of IA and exhaustion but lower sCD14 (p > 0.05). None of these markers significantly predicted the occurrence of HTN.
Conclusion: Studied markers of IA and exhaustion were higher in PLHIV with HTN than those without but were unpredictive of HTN. Larger multicentre studies with a wider range of markers are needed to confirm the role of IA in HIV-associated HTN.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)

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R25 TW011227 United States TW FIC NIH HHS; JPJSBP120219933 and JPJSBP120239932 JSPS Bilateral Open Partnership Joint Research Project; JPJSCCB20190009 and JPJSCCB20220010 JSPS Core-to-Core Program; 5D43 TW009775-03 Fogarty International Center (FIC) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH); 21K19657, 22H03119, 22KK0148 JSPS KAKENHI Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research; D43 TW009775 United States TW FIC NIH HHS; 1R25TW011227-01 Fogarty International Center (FIC) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) through the Transforming Health Education in Tanzania (THET) project

Keywords: Antiretroviral therapy; HIV; Hypertension; Lymphocyte activation; Monocyte activation

0 (Lipopolysaccharide Receptors)
0 (Biomarkers)

Date Created: 20240624 Date Completed: 20240624 Latest Revision: 20240627

20240627

PMC11197211

10.1186/s12879-024-09548-x

38914935