The Acoel nervous system: morphology and development.

Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101286574 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1749-8104 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 17498104 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Neural Dev Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: London : BioMed Central, 2006-

Nervous System*/growth & development ; Nervous System*/embryology ; Neurogenesis*/physiology; Animals ; Platyhelminths/growth & development ; Platyhelminths/physiology ; Biological Evolution ; Neurons/cytology ; Neurons/physiology

Acoel flatworms have played a relevant role in classical (and current) discussions on the evolutionary origin of bilaterian animals. This is mostly derived from the apparent simplicity of their body architectures. This tenet has been challenged over the last couple of decades, mostly because detailed studies of their morphology and the introduction of multiple genomic technologies have unveiled a complexity of cell types, tissular arrangements and patterning mechanisms that were hidden below this 'superficial' simplicity. One tissue that has received a particular attention has been the nervous system (NS). The combination of ultrastructural and single cell methodologies has revealed unique cellular diversity and developmental trajectories for most of their neurons and associated sensory systems. Moreover, the great diversity in NS architectures shown by different acoels offers us with a unique group of animals where to study key aspects of neurogenesis and diversification od neural systems over evolutionary time.In this review we revisit some recent developments in the characterization of the acoel nervous system structure and the regulatory mechanisms that contribute to their embryological development. We end up by suggesting some promising avenues to better understand how this tissue is organized in its finest cellular details and how to achieve a deeper knowledge of the functional roles that genes and gene networks play in its construction.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)

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PID2021-124415NB-I00 Spanish "Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades"; 310030_219348 Switzerland SNSF_ Swiss National Science Foundation

Date Created: 20240621 Date Completed: 20240621 Latest Revision: 20240703

20240704

PMC11191258

10.1186/s13064-024-00187-1

38907301